/*===================== begin_copyright_notice ==================================

Copyright (c) 2017 Intel Corporation

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"Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
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OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
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IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY
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======================= end_copyright_notice ==================================*/

//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
//                                                                            //
// This file implements OCL execution model for IGIL target. Gets rid of the  //
// function pointers, transform the layout for block invoker kernels          //
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//

#define DEBUG_TYPE "TransformBlocks"

#include "Compiler/IGCPassSupport.h"
#include "Compiler/MetaDataApi/IGCMetaDataHelper.h"
#include "Compiler/MetaDataUtilsWrapper.h"
#include "Compiler/CodeGenPublicEnums.h"
#include "Compiler/CISACodeGen/helper.h"
#include "Compiler/CodeGenPublic.h"

#include "common/LLVMWarningsPush.hpp"
#include "llvm/Pass.h"
#include "llvm/IR/LegacyPassManager.h"
#include "llvm/IR/IRBuilder.h"
#include "llvm/IR/InstIterator.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/Statistic.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/SmallString.h"
#include "llvm/Transforms/IPO.h"
#include "llvm/Transforms/Scalar.h"
#include "llvm/Transforms/Utils/Cloning.h"
#include "llvm/Support/raw_ostream.h"
#include "llvm/IR/DIBuilder.h"
#include "common/LLVMWarningsPop.hpp"

#include <algorithm>

using namespace llvm;
using namespace IGC;

STATISTIC(TransformBlockEnqueCounter, "Counts number of functions greeted");

// Command line option to dump the output .ll from this pass
static cl::opt<bool>
TransformBlocksOutput("TransformBlocksOutput", cl::desc("Output the .llvm generated from TransformBlocks pass"), cl::init(false));

namespace //Anonymous
{
    typedef uint32_t GEPIndex;
    class CallHandler;
    class Dispatcher;
    class DeviceEnqueueParamValue;
    class DataContext;

    class FuncCompare
    {
    public:
        bool operator() (const llvm::Function* a, const llvm::Function* b) const
        {
            return a->getName().compare(b->getName()) < 0;
        }
    };

    enum BlockElements : GEPIndex
    {
        BLOCK_INDEX_ISA,
        BLOCK_INDEX_FLAGS,
        BLOCK_INDEX_RESERVED,
        BLOCK_INDEX_INVOKE_FUNC,
        BLOCK_INDEX_DESCRIPTOR,
        BLOCK_CAPTURED_INDEX_BEGIN
    };

    enum class CaptureKind
    {
        SCALAR,
        POINTER,
        IMAGE,
        SAMPLER
    };

    const auto FNAME_ENQUEUE_KERNEL                     = "_Z14enqueue_kernel";
    const auto FNAME_ENQUEUE_KERNEL_BASIC               = "__enqueue_kernel_basic";
    const auto FNAME_ENQUEUE_KERNEL_VAARGS              = "__enqueue_kernel_vaargs";
    const auto FNAME_ENQUEUE_KERNEL_EVENTS_VAARGS       = "__enqueue_kernel_events_vaargs";
    const auto FNAME_WORK_GROUP_SIZE_IMPL               = "__get_kernel_work_group_size_impl";
    const auto FNAME_PREFERRED_WORK_GROUP_SIZE_MULTIPLE = "_Z45get_kernel_preferred_work_group_size_multiple";
    const auto FNAME_PREFERRED_WORK_GROUP_MULTIPLE_IMPL = "__get_kernel_preferred_work_group_multiple_impl";
    const auto FNAME_MAX_SUB_GROUP_SIZE_FOR_NDRANGE     = "_Z41get_kernel_max_sub_group_size_for_ndrange";
    const auto FNAME_SUB_GROUP_COUNT_FOR_NDRANGE        = "_Z38get_kernel_sub_group_count_for_ndrange";
    
    const auto FNAME_SPIRV_ENQUEUE_KERNEL                     = "__builtin_spirv_OpEnqueueKernel";
    const auto FNAME_SPIRV_SUB_GROUP_COUNT_FOR_NDRANGE        = "__builtin_spirv_OpGetKernelNDrangeSubGroupCount";
    const auto FNAME_SPIRV_MAX_SUB_GROUP_SIZE_FOR_NDRANGE     = "__builtin_spirv_OpGetKernelNDrangeMaxSubGroupSize";
    const auto FNAME_SPIRV_PREFERRED_WORK_GROUP_SIZE_MULTIPLE = "__builtin_spirv_OpGetKernelPreferredWorkGroupSizeMultiple";
    const auto FNAME_SPIRV_LOCAL_SIZE_FOR_SUB_GROUP_COUNT     = "__builtin_spirv_OpGetKernelLocalSizeForSubgroupCount";
    const auto FNAME_SPIRV_MAX_NUM_SUB_GROUPS                 = "__builtin_spirv_OpGetKernelMaxNumSubgroups";

    /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    /// helper class to build and query llvm metadata of kernel/dispatcher
    /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    class MetadataBuilder
    {
        IGC::IGCMD::MetaDataUtils* _pMdUtils;
        DataContext& _dataContext;

    public:
        MetadataBuilder(IGC::IGCMD::MetaDataUtils* pMdUtils, DataContext& dataContext)
            : _pMdUtils(pMdUtils), _dataContext(dataContext) {}

        /// Return function metadata if function is kernel
        IGC::IGCMD::FunctionInfoMetaDataHandle getKernelMetadata(const llvm::Function* func)
        {
			if (isEntryFunc(_pMdUtils, func))
			{
				return _pMdUtils->getFunctionsInfoItem(const_cast<llvm::Function*>(func));
			}
            return IGC::IGCMD::FunctionInfoMetaDataHandle(nullptr);
        }

        /// Return kernel argument type name from metadata
        IGC::IGCMD::FunctionInfoMetaData::OpenCLArgBaseTypesList::item_type getKernelArgTypeName(const llvm::Function* func, unsigned argNum)
        {
            auto funcInfoMD = getOrEmitKernelMetadata(func);
            assert((funcInfoMD.get() != nullptr) && "cannot get or emit for kernel metadata");

            return funcInfoMD->getOpenCLArgBaseTypesItem(argNum);
        }

        /// Return function metadata if function is kernel, emit new kernel metadata if not.
        IGC::IGCMD::FunctionInfoMetaDataHandle getOrEmitKernelMetadata(const llvm::Function* func)
        {
            auto kernelMD = getKernelMetadata(func);
            if (kernelMD.get() == nullptr)
            {
                return EmitKernelMetadata(func);
            }
            return kernelMD;
        }

        void EmitDeviceEnqueueMetadataPair(const llvm::Function* first, const llvm::Function* second)
        {
            auto module = first->getParent();
            auto& context = first->getContext();
            auto val = const_cast<llvm::Module*>(module)->getOrInsertNamedMetadata("igc.device.enqueue");
            Metadata* Elts[] = {
                MDString::get(context, first->getName()),
                MDString::get(context, second->getName())
            };

            MDNode* md = MDNode::get(context, Elts);
            val->addOperand(md);
        }

    private:
        /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
        //  Function responsible for emitting special meta data for block dispatcher functions         //
        //  this will be part of stadard meta data layout and will be consumed by the Target           //
        /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
        IGC::IGCMD::FunctionInfoMetaDataHandle EmitKernelMetadata(const llvm::Function* kernelFunc);
    };

    /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    /// helper class to check value category
    /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    class KindQuery
    {
        DataContext& _dataContext;
    public:
        KindQuery(DataContext& dataContext) : _dataContext(dataContext) {}

        /// Resolve StructType or return nullptr
        static inline const llvm::StructType* toStructType(const llvm::Type* type)
        {
            if (type->isStructTy()) return cast<llvm::StructType>(type);

            auto ptrType = dyn_cast_or_null<llvm::PointerType>(type);
            return ptrType != nullptr
                ? dyn_cast<llvm::StructType>(ptrType->getElementType())
                : nullptr;
        }

        /// Check if type is OCL "ndrange_t"
        static bool isNDRangeType(const llvm::Type* type)
        {
            // ndrange_t is the struct type
            if (auto sType = toStructType(type))
            {
                return sType->getName().endswith(".ndrange_t");
            }
            return false;
        }

        /// Check if type is OCL image type
        static bool isImageType(const llvm::Type* type, llvm::SmallVectorImpl<llvm::StringRef> *nameFractions = nullptr)
        {
            if (auto *sType = toStructType(type))
            {
                if (sType->isOpaque())
                {
                    auto typeName = sType->getName();
                    llvm::SmallVector<llvm::StringRef, 3> buf;
                    auto& tokens = nameFractions != nullptr ? *nameFractions : buf;
                    typeName.split(tokens, ".");
                    return tokens.size() >= 2 && tokens[0].equals("opencl") && tokens[1].startswith("image") && tokens[1].endswith("_t");
                }
            }
            return false;
        }

        /// Check if type is StructType
        /// if "name" is set, check struct name
        static bool isStructType(llvm::Type* type, llvm::StringRef name = llvm::StringRef())
        {
            if (auto structType = toStructType(type))
            {
                if (!structType->isOpaque())
                {
                    return name.empty() || (!structType->isLiteral() && structType->getName().equals(name));
                }
            }
            return false;
        }

        /// Check if type is OCL event_t
        static bool isEventType(llvm::Type * type)
        {
            if (auto *sType = toStructType(type))
            {
                if (sType->isOpaque())
                {
                    auto typeName = sType->getName();
                    return typeName.equals("opencl.clk_event_t") || typeName.equals("opencl.event_t");
                }
            }
            return false;
        }

        /// Check if type is OCL queue_t
        static bool isQueueType(llvm::Type* type)
        {
            if (auto *sType = toStructType(type))
            {
                if (sType->isOpaque())
                {
                    auto typeName = sType->getName();
                    return typeName.equals("opencl.queue_t");
                }
            }
            return false;
        }

        /// Check if type is matcher Objective-C block type
        static bool isBlockStructType(llvm::Type* type)
        {
            if (auto structType = toStructType(type))
            {
                return (!structType->isOpaque())
                    && (structType->getNumElements() > BLOCK_INDEX_DESCRIPTOR)
                    && (structType->getElementType(BLOCK_INDEX_ISA)->isPointerTy())
                    && (structType->getElementType(BLOCK_INDEX_FLAGS)->isIntegerTy(32))
                    && (structType->getElementType(BLOCK_INDEX_RESERVED)->isIntegerTy(32))
                    && (structType->getElementType(BLOCK_INDEX_INVOKE_FUNC)->isPointerTy())
                    && (isStructType(structType->getElementType(BLOCK_INDEX_DESCRIPTOR), "struct.__block_descriptor"));
            }
            return false;
        }

        /// Lookup in metadata if the function arg is a "sampler_t"
        bool isSamplerArg(const llvm::Argument* arg) const;

        /// Check if dispatcher's capture argument has to be a "sampler_t"
        bool isSampleCaptured(const llvm::Function* dispatchFunc, unsigned captureNum) const;

        // IsKernel(function* func) - checks if the function is a OCL kernel
        bool isKernel(const llvm::Function* func) const;
    };

    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    /// Abstract class handles a value of type struct
    /// Allows to get a value stored in a struct element
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    class StructValue
    {
    protected:
        llvm::Value* _structValue;
        llvm::StructType* _structType;
        explicit StructValue(llvm::Value* value) : _structValue(value)
        {
            assert(value);
            llvm::Type* valType = value->getType();
            while (valType->isPointerTy())
            {
                valType = valType->getPointerElementType();
            }
            _structType = dyn_cast<llvm::StructType>(valType);
        }

    public:
        /// Return value stored at particular struct element
        virtual llvm::Value* getValueStoredAtIndex(GEPIndex index) = 0;
        virtual ~StructValue() {}

        /// Return instance of particular child dapends of value kind: constant or allocaled
        static std::unique_ptr<StructValue> get(llvm::Value* value);

        /// Return number of elements in struct
        unsigned getNumElements() const { return _structType->getNumElements(); }

        llvm::StructType* getType() const { return _structType; }
    };

    /// Handles struct value given as constant struct
    ///     \@__block_literal_global = internal constant { i8**, i32, i32, i8*, %struct.__block_descriptor* } { ...}
    class ConstantStructValue : public StructValue
    {
    private:
        llvm::ConstantStruct* getStructValue(){ return cast<llvm::ConstantStruct>(_structValue); }
    public:
        explicit ConstantStructValue(llvm::ConstantStruct* value) : StructValue(value) {}
        virtual llvm::Value* getValueStoredAtIndex(GEPIndex index) override
        {
            Value* v = (getNumElements() > index)
                ? getStructValue()->getAggregateElement(index)
                : nullptr;

            if (ConstantExpr *CE = dyn_cast_or_null<ConstantExpr>(v)) {
                if (CE->getOpcode() == Instruction::BitCast)
                    v = CE->getOperand(0);
            }

            return v;
        }
        virtual ~ConstantStructValue() override {}
    };

    /// Handles struct value given as pointer to alloca, followed by getelementptr, store 
    ///
    ///     %1 = alloca <{ i8*, i32, i32, i8*, %struct.__block_descriptor*, ... }>
    ///     %17 = getelementptr inbounds <{ i8*, i32, i32, i8*, %struct.__block_descriptor*, ... }>* %1, i32 0, i32 3
    ///     store i8* bitcast(void(i8*)* \@__initObj_block_invoke to i8*), i8** %17
    class AllocaStructValue : public StructValue
    {
    private:
        std::vector<llvm::Value*> _storedValues;
        llvm::AllocaInst* getStructValue(){ return cast<llvm::AllocaInst>(_structValue); }

        llvm::Value* getValueStoredTo(llvm::Value* ptrVal)
        {
            assert(ptrVal);
            assert(ptrVal->getType()->isPointerTy());
            for (auto ptrUser : ptrVal->users())
            {
                if (auto storeInst = dyn_cast<llvm::StoreInst>(ptrUser))
                {
                    if (storeInst->getPointerOperand() == ptrVal)
                    {
                        return storeInst->getValueOperand()->stripPointerCasts();
                    }
                }
                else if (auto memInst = dyn_cast<llvm::MemTransferInst>(ptrUser))
                {
                    if (memInst->getRawDest() == ptrVal)
                    {
                        return memInst->getSource()->stripPointerCasts();
                    }
                }
                else if (auto castInst = dyn_cast<llvm::CastInst>(ptrUser))
                {
                    return getValueStoredTo(castInst);
                }
            }
            return nullptr;
        }

        /// Fill _storedValues list by all values stored in the struct
        void populateStoredValues()
        {
            for (auto user : getStructValue()->users())
            {
                if (auto elem_ptr_inst = dyn_cast<llvm::GetElementPtrInst>(user))
                {
                    if (elem_ptr_inst->getNumIndices() == 2)
                    {
                        if (auto indexValue = dyn_cast<llvm::ConstantInt>(elem_ptr_inst->getOperand(2)))
                        {
                            size_t index = (size_t)indexValue->getSExtValue();
                            _storedValues[index] = getValueStoredTo(elem_ptr_inst);
                            assert(_storedValues[index] != nullptr);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }

    public:
        explicit AllocaStructValue(llvm::AllocaInst* value) : StructValue(value), _storedValues(value->getAllocatedType()->getStructNumElements(), nullptr)
        {
            populateStoredValues();
        }

        virtual llvm::Value* getValueStoredAtIndex(GEPIndex index) override 
        {
            return _storedValues.size() > index ? _storedValues[index] : nullptr;
        }

        virtual ~AllocaStructValue() override {}
    };

    class NullStructValue : public StructValue
    {
    public:
        explicit NullStructValue(llvm::Value* value) : StructValue(value)
        {
            _structType = StructType::get(value->getContext());
        }

        virtual llvm::Value* getValueStoredAtIndex(GEPIndex index)
        {
            assert("Should not be here");
            return nullptr;
        }
    };

    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    /// Helper class to emit/build instructions to store values to buffers
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    class StoreInstBuilder
    {
        llvm::IRBuilder<>& _builder;
        const llvm::DataLayout* _DL;

        uint64_t CreateStore(llvm::Value* dest, llvm::Value* source, unsigned align) const
        {
            auto destPtr = dest;

            auto sourceType = source->getType();
            if (dest->getType() != sourceType->getPointerTo())
                destPtr = _builder.CreatePointerCast(dest, sourceType->getPointerTo(), "casted_ptr");

            _builder.CreateStore(source, destPtr)->setAlignment(align);
            return _DL->getTypeAllocSize(sourceType);
        }

        uint64_t CreateMemCpy(llvm::Value* dest, llvm::Value* source, unsigned align) const
        {
            assert(source->getType()->isPointerTy());

            auto size = _DL->getTypeAllocSize(source->getType()->getPointerElementType());
            _builder.CreateMemCpy(dest, source, size, align);
            return size;
        }

    public:
        StoreInstBuilder(llvm::IRBuilder<>& builder) : _builder(builder), _DL(&(builder.GetInsertBlock()->getParent()->getParent()->getDataLayout()))
        {
            assert(_DL != nullptr);
        }

        /// Create instructions to store source value to the ptr at specified index
        /// using llvm store or memcpy depending on source and dest type
        uint64_t Store(llvm::Value* dest, llvm::Value* source, uint64_t destIndex = UINT64_MAX, bool byVal = true);
    };

    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    /// Represents and handles block_invoke function for Dispatcher
    ///
    /// Note: class can be inherited for other kinds of invoke functions
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    class BlockInvoke
    {
        const Function* _invokeFunc;
        StructType* _captureStructType;
        std::vector<llvm::Type*> _localPointerTypes;
        std::vector<GEPIndex> _captureIndicies;

        /// Analyze block_invoke function.
        /// Build ordered list of indexes of block structure elements used by block_invoke
        void analyzeInvokeFunction();

        /// Return preferred struct alignment based on max preferred alignment of its elements
        static unsigned getPrefStructAlignment(llvm::StructType* structType, const llvm::DataLayout* dl);
    public:
        explicit BlockInvoke(const llvm::Function* invokeFunc) : _invokeFunc(invokeFunc), _captureStructType(nullptr)
        {
            analyzeInvokeFunction();
        }

        /// Return associated block_invoke function
        const Function* getFunction() const { return _invokeFunc; }

        /// Return list of __local pointer argument types
        ArrayRef<llvm::Type*> getLocalPointerTypes() const { return _localPointerTypes; }

        /// Return ordered block structure indexes which are used to build _dispatch_X kernels
        /// and buffers for enqueue_IB_kernel()
        ArrayRef<GEPIndex> getCaptureIndicies() const { return _captureIndicies; }

        /// Return type of block structure element by it's number in capture indicies list
        llvm::Type* getCaptureType(size_t captureNum) const { return _captureStructType->getElementType(_captureIndicies[captureNum]); }

        /// Create set of instructions to prepare block structure and call block_invoke from _dispatch_X
        llvm::CallInst* EmitBlockInvokeCall(llvm::IRBuilder<>& builder, llvm::ArrayRef<llvm::Argument*> captures, llvm::ArrayRef<llvm::Argument*> tailingArgs) const;
    };

    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    /// class to create and handle _dispatch_X functions
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    class Dispatcher
    {
    private:
        BlockInvoke _blockInvoke;
        const unsigned _blockNumber;
        llvm::Function* _dispatchKernel;
        std::vector<llvm::Argument*> _captureArgs;
        std::vector<llvm::Argument*> _pointerArgs;
        llvm::LLVMContext& _context;

        /// Create _dispatch_X function
        Function* EmitDispatchFunction(const llvm::Twine& dispatchKernelName);

    public:

        /// Construct Dispatcher and create '{namePrefix}_dispatch_{blockId}' function
        explicit Dispatcher(const llvm::Function* invokeFunc, llvm::StringRef namePrefix, unsigned blockId)
            : _blockInvoke(invokeFunc)
            , _blockNumber(blockId)
            , _context(invokeFunc->getContext())
        {
            EmitDispatchFunction(namePrefix + Twine("_dispatch_") + Twine(blockId));
        }

        /// Return created _dispatch_X function
        const Function* getDispatchKernel() const { return _dispatchKernel; }

        /// return X from _dispatch_X
        unsigned getBlockId() const { return _blockNumber; }

        /// Return ordered block structure indexes which are used to build _dispatch_X kernels
        /// and buffers for enqueue_IB_kernel()
        ArrayRef<GEPIndex> getCaptureIndicies() const { return _blockInvoke.getCaptureIndicies(); }

        /// Return dispatched block_invoke function
        const llvm::Function* getBlockInvokeFunc() const { return _blockInvoke.getFunction(); }

        /// Return list of _dispatch_X function arguments for captures
        ArrayRef<llvm::Argument*> getCaptureArgs() const { return _captureArgs; }
    };

    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    /// Represents a captured value of parent kernel
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    struct Capture
    {
        enum { ARG_NUM_NONE = UINT_MAX };
        llvm::WeakVH value;
        CaptureKind  kind;
        unsigned     argNum;

        Capture(llvm::Value* val, DataContext& context);
        Capture(const Capture& rhs) : value(rhs.value), kind(rhs.kind), argNum(rhs.argNum) {}
        Capture& operator=(const Capture& rhs)
        {
            value = rhs.value;
            kind = rhs.kind;
            argNum = rhs.argNum;
            return *this;
        }

    private:
        CaptureKind kindOf(const llvm::Value* value, DataContext& context);
    };

    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    /// Represents capture structure value passed to OCL "device execution" call
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    class DeviceEnqueueParamValue
    {
    protected:
        bool gotCapturedValues;
        std::vector<Capture> _capturedValues;
        std::unique_ptr<StructValue> _paramStruct;
        llvm::Function* _block_invokeFunction;
        DataContext& _dataContext;

        /// Populate captures list ordered by capture indicies
        bool populateCapturedValues(llvm::ArrayRef<GEPIndex> captureIndicies)
        {
            assert(captureIndicies.size() == 0 || *std::max_element(captureIndicies.begin(), captureIndicies.end()) < _paramStruct->getNumElements() );

            for (auto captureIndex : captureIndicies)
            {
                _capturedValues.emplace_back(_paramStruct->getValueStoredAtIndex(captureIndex), _dataContext);
            }
            return true;
        }

    public:
        DeviceEnqueueParamValue(llvm::Value* param, DataContext& dataContext);

        /// Return captures list ordered by capture indicies
        ArrayRef<Capture> getCapturedValues(llvm::ArrayRef<GEPIndex> captureIndicies)
        {
            if (!gotCapturedValues)
            {
                _capturedValues.clear();
                gotCapturedValues = populateCapturedValues(captureIndicies);
            }
            assert(captureIndicies.size() == _capturedValues.size());
            return _capturedValues;
        }

        llvm::Function* getBlockInvokeFunction() const { return _block_invokeFunction; }
    };

    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    /// Represents "device execution" call arguments
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    class DeviceExecCallArgs
    {
    protected:
        llvm::CallInst& _call;
        DataContext& _dataContext;
        llvm::Function* _callerFunc;
        llvm::Function* _calledFunc;
        DeviceEnqueueParamValue* _paramValue;

        llvm::Value* _queue;
        llvm::Value* _flags;
        llvm::Value* _nDRange;
        llvm::Value* _subgroupCount;
        llvm::Value* _numWaitEvents;
        llvm::Value* _waitEventsList;
        llvm::Value* _retEvent;
        std::vector<llvm::Value*> _local_sizes;

        virtual llvm::Value* getParamArg() = 0;
        virtual llvm::Value* getInvokeArg() = 0;

        DeviceExecCallArgs(llvm::CallInst& call, DataContext& dataContext)
            : _call(call)
            , _dataContext(dataContext)
            , _callerFunc(call.getParent()->getParent())
            , _calledFunc(call.getCalledFunction())
            , _paramValue(nullptr)
            , _queue(nullptr)
            , _flags(nullptr)
            , _nDRange(nullptr)
            , _subgroupCount(nullptr)
            , _numWaitEvents(nullptr)
            , _waitEventsList(nullptr)
            , _retEvent(nullptr)
        {
            if (_calledFunc == nullptr) report_fatal_error("indirect calls are not supported");
        }

    public:
        virtual ~DeviceExecCallArgs() {}

        llvm::CallInst* getCall() const { return &_call; }
        llvm::Function* getCalledFunction() const { return _calledFunc; }

        /// Return parent function for a call
        llvm::Function* getCallerFunc() const { return _callerFunc; }
        llvm::Module* getModule() const { return getCallerFunc()->getParent(); }
        llvm::LLVMContext& getContext() const { return _call.getContext(); }

        // Device exec arguments
        llvm::Value* getQueue() const { return _queue; }
        llvm::Value* getEnqueueFlags() const { return _flags; }
        llvm::Value* getNDRange() const { return _nDRange; }
        llvm::Value* getSubgroupCount() const { return _subgroupCount; }
        llvm::Value* getNumWaitEvents() const { return _numWaitEvents; }
        llvm::Value* getWaitEventsList() const { return _waitEventsList; }
        llvm::Value* getRetEvent() const { return _retEvent; }

        DeviceEnqueueParamValue* getParamValue();

        virtual llvm::Function* getEnqueuedFunction()
        {
            auto invokeFunc = dyn_cast<llvm::Function>(getInvokeArg()->stripPointerCasts());
            if (invokeFunc == nullptr) report_fatal_error("Device enqueue invoke param is not a function");
            return invokeFunc;
        }

        std::vector<llvm::Value*> getLocaSizes() const { return _local_sizes; }

        bool hasEvents() const { return getNumWaitEvents() != nullptr; }
        bool hasLocals() const { return getLocaSizes().size() > 0; }
    };

    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    // ObjectiveC device enqueue arguments
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    class ObjCBlockCallArgs : public DeviceExecCallArgs
    {
    protected:
        virtual llvm::Value* getParamArg() override { return _call.getArgOperand(0); }
        virtual llvm::Value* getInvokeArg() override { return getParamValue()->getBlockInvokeFunction(); }

    public:
        ObjCBlockCallArgs(llvm::CallInst& call, DataContext& dataContext) : DeviceExecCallArgs(call, dataContext) {}
    };

    class ObjCNDRangeAndBlockCallArgs : public ObjCBlockCallArgs
    {
    protected:
        virtual llvm::Value* getParamArg() override { return _call.getArgOperand(1); }
    public:
        ObjCNDRangeAndBlockCallArgs(llvm::CallInst& call, DataContext& dataContext) : ObjCBlockCallArgs(call, dataContext)
        {
            _nDRange = _call.getArgOperand(0);
        }
    };

    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    /// Represents enqueue_kernel() arguments using ObjectiveC block
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    class ObjCEnqueueKernelArgs : public ObjCBlockCallArgs
    {
        llvm::Value* _block;
    protected:
        virtual llvm::Value* getParamArg() override { return _block; }

    public:
        ObjCEnqueueKernelArgs(llvm::CallInst& call, DataContext& dataContext)
            : ObjCBlockCallArgs(call, dataContext)
            , _block(nullptr)
        {
            auto arg = call.arg_operands().begin();

            _queue = *(arg++);
            _flags = *(arg++);
            _nDRange = *(arg++);
            if ((*arg)->getType()->isIntegerTy(32))
            {
                _numWaitEvents = *(arg++);
                _waitEventsList = *(arg++);
                _retEvent = *(arg++);
            }

            _block = *(arg++);

            while (arg != call.arg_operands().end())
            {
                if ((*arg)->getType()->isIntegerTy(32)) 
                {
                    _local_sizes.push_back(*(arg++));
                }
                else if((*arg)->getType()->isIntegerTy(64))
                {
                    Type* int32Ty = Type::getInt32Ty(call.getParent()->getContext());
                    Value *newArg = CastInst::CreateTruncOrBitCast(*arg, int32Ty, "", &call);
                    _local_sizes.push_back(newArg);
                    arg++;
                }
                else
                {
                    report_fatal_error("enqueue_kernel signature does not match");
                }
            }
        }

        virtual ~ObjCEnqueueKernelArgs() {}
    };

    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    // SPIR-V device enqueue arguments
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    class SPIRVInvokeCallArgs : public DeviceExecCallArgs
    {
    protected:
        virtual llvm::Value* getParamArg() override { return _call.getArgOperand(1); }
        virtual llvm::Value* getInvokeArg() override { return _call.getArgOperand(0); }
    public:
        SPIRVInvokeCallArgs(llvm::CallInst& call, DataContext& dataContext)
            : DeviceExecCallArgs(call, dataContext)
        {}
    };

    class SPIRVNDRangeAndInvokeCallArgs : public DeviceExecCallArgs
    {
    protected:
        virtual llvm::Value* getParamArg() override { return _call.getArgOperand(2); }
        virtual llvm::Value* getInvokeArg() override { return _call.getArgOperand(1); }

    public:
        SPIRVNDRangeAndInvokeCallArgs(llvm::CallInst& call, DataContext& dataContext)
            : DeviceExecCallArgs(call, dataContext)
        {
            _nDRange = _call.getArgOperand(0);
        }
    };

    class SPIRVSubgroupCountAndInvokeCallArgs : public DeviceExecCallArgs
    {
    protected:
        virtual llvm::Value* getParamArg() override { return _call.getArgOperand(2); }
        virtual llvm::Value* getInvokeArg() override { return _call.getArgOperand(1); }

    public:
        SPIRVSubgroupCountAndInvokeCallArgs(llvm::CallInst& call, DataContext& dataContext)
            : DeviceExecCallArgs(call, dataContext)
        {
            _subgroupCount = _call.getArgOperand(0);
        }
    };

    class SPIRVOpEnqueueKernelCallArgs : public DeviceExecCallArgs
    {
        llvm::Value* _param;
    protected:
        virtual llvm::Value* getParamArg() override { return _call.getArgOperand(7); }
        virtual llvm::Value* getInvokeArg() override { return _call.getArgOperand(6); }

    public:
        SPIRVOpEnqueueKernelCallArgs(llvm::CallInst& call, DataContext& dataContext)
            : DeviceExecCallArgs(call, dataContext)
        {
            if (_call.getNumArgOperands() < 8) report_fatal_error("OpEnqueueKernel signature does not match");

            _queue = _call.getArgOperand(0);
            _flags = _call.getArgOperand(1);
            _nDRange = _call.getArgOperand(2);

            _numWaitEvents = _call.getArgOperand(3);
            _waitEventsList = _call.getArgOperand(4);
            _retEvent = _call.getArgOperand(5);
            if (auto constNumWaitEvents = dyn_cast<llvm::ConstantInt>(_numWaitEvents))
            {
                if (constNumWaitEvents->isZero() && isa<llvm::ConstantPointerNull>(_retEvent->stripPointerCasts()))
                {
                    _numWaitEvents = nullptr;
                    _waitEventsList = nullptr;
                    _retEvent = nullptr;
                }
            }

            const unsigned localSizesStartArgNum = 10;
            const unsigned argsNum = _call.getNumArgOperands();
            for (unsigned i = localSizesStartArgNum; i < argsNum; i++)
            {
                auto arg = _call.getArgOperand(i);
                if (!arg->getType()->isIntegerTy()) report_fatal_error("OpEnqueueKernel signature does not match");
                _local_sizes.push_back(arg);
            }
        }
    };

    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    /// Abstract class handles a "device execution" call
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    class CallHandler
    {
    protected:
        std::unique_ptr<DeviceExecCallArgs> _deviceExecCall;

        /// "Device exec" call to be replaced by returned value
        virtual llvm::Value* getNewValue(const Dispatcher* dispatcher) = 0;

        /// Return the 'name' function. if the function does not exist create it with specified signature
        llvm::Function* getOrCreateFunc(llvm::StringRef name, llvm::Type* retType, llvm::ArrayRef<llvm::Type*> argTypes, bool isVarArg = false);

        /// Create new call instruction with specified signature. Create new function if needed.
        llvm::CallInst* CreateNewCall(llvm::StringRef newName, llvm::Type* retType, llvm::ArrayRef<llvm::Value*> args);

        llvm::StructType* getNDRangeType()
        {
            auto ndrangeStructName = "struct.ndrange_t";
            auto module = _deviceExecCall->getModule();
            auto ndrangeTy = module->getTypeByName(ndrangeStructName);
            if (ndrangeTy == nullptr)
            {
                //create struct type
                auto& context = _deviceExecCall->getContext();
                auto uintTy = llvm::IntegerType::get(context, 32);
                auto ulongTy = llvm::IntegerType::get(context, 64);
                auto arr3ulongTy = llvm::ArrayType::get(ulongTy, 3);
                llvm::Type* ndrangeFields[] = { uintTy, arr3ulongTy, arr3ulongTy, arr3ulongTy };
                ndrangeTy = llvm::StructType::create(context, ndrangeFields, ndrangeStructName, true);
            }
            return ndrangeTy;
        }

        llvm::Value* AdjustNDRangeType(llvm::Value* nDRange)
        {
            auto expectedNdrangeTy = getNDRangeType();

            assert(nDRange->getType()->isPointerTy());
            auto actualNDRangeTy = KindQuery::toStructType(nDRange->getType());
            assert(actualNDRangeTy);
            if (actualNDRangeTy == nullptr) report_fatal_error("NDRange type mismatch");

            if (actualNDRangeTy->isLayoutIdentical(expectedNdrangeTy))
            {
                return nDRange;
            }

            auto allocaInst = new AllocaInst(expectedNdrangeTy, "converted_ndrange", &(*_deviceExecCall->getCallerFunc()->getEntryBlock().getFirstInsertionPt()));
            //TODO: fix bug in later IGC passes
            allocaInst->setAlignment(4);

            auto newName = "__builtin_IB_copyNDRangeTondrange";
            llvm::Value* args[2] = { allocaInst, nDRange };
            CreateNewCall(newName, llvm::Type::getVoidTy(_deviceExecCall->getContext()), args);
            return allocaInst;
        }

    public:
        explicit CallHandler(DeviceExecCallArgs* call)
        {
            assert(call != nullptr);
            _deviceExecCall.reset(call);
        }

        virtual ~CallHandler() {}

        /// Replaces "device execution" call by builtins
        llvm::Value* ReplaceCall(const Dispatcher* dispatcher);

        DeviceExecCallArgs* getArgs() const { return _deviceExecCall.get(); }
    };

    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    /// Handle get_kernel_preferred_work_group_size_multiple() call
    /// and get_kernel_max_sub_group_size_for_ndrange() call
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    class KernelSubGroupSizeCall : public CallHandler
    {
    public:
        explicit KernelSubGroupSizeCall(DeviceExecCallArgs* call) : CallHandler(call)
        {}

        virtual llvm::Value* getNewValue(const Dispatcher* dispatcher) override
        {
            auto blockIdValue = llvm::ConstantInt::get(_deviceExecCall->getContext(), APInt(32, (uint64_t)dispatcher->getBlockId(), false));

            const auto newName = "__builtin_IB_get_block_simd_size";
            auto calledFunction = _deviceExecCall->getCalledFunction();
            if (calledFunction == nullptr) report_fatal_error("indirect calls are not supported");
            return CreateNewCall(newName, calledFunction->getReturnType(), blockIdValue);
        }
    };

    class KernelMaxWorkGroupSizeCall : public CallHandler
    {
    public:
        explicit KernelMaxWorkGroupSizeCall(DeviceExecCallArgs* call) : CallHandler(call)
        {}

        virtual llvm::Value* getNewValue(const Dispatcher* dispatcher) override
        {
            const auto newName = "__builtin_IB_get_max_workgroup_size";
            auto calledFunction = _deviceExecCall->getCalledFunction();
            if (calledFunction == nullptr) report_fatal_error("indirect calls are not supported");
            return CreateNewCall(newName, calledFunction->getReturnType(), {});
        }
    };

    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    /// Handle get_kernel_sub_group_count_for_ndrange() call
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    class KernelSubGroupCountForNDRangeCall : public KernelSubGroupSizeCall
    {
    public:
        explicit KernelSubGroupCountForNDRangeCall(DeviceExecCallArgs* call) : KernelSubGroupSizeCall(call)
        {};

        virtual llvm::Value* getNewValue(const Dispatcher* dispatcher) override
        {
            llvm::Value* block_simd_size = KernelSubGroupSizeCall::getNewValue(dispatcher);
            block_simd_size->setName("block_simd_size");
            llvm::Value* range = AdjustNDRangeType(_deviceExecCall->getNDRange());
            assert(range != nullptr);
            assert(KindQuery::isNDRangeType(range->getType()));

            llvm::Value* args[] = { range, block_simd_size };

            const auto newName = "IGIL_calc_sub_group_count_for_ndrange";
            auto calledFunction = _deviceExecCall->getCalledFunction();
            if (calledFunction == nullptr) report_fatal_error("indirect calls are not supported");
            return CreateNewCall(newName, calledFunction->getReturnType(), args);
        }
    };

    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    /// Handle OpGetKernelLocalSizeForSubgroupCount call
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    class KernelLocalSizeForSubgroupCount : public KernelSubGroupSizeCall
    {
    public:
        explicit KernelLocalSizeForSubgroupCount(DeviceExecCallArgs* call) : KernelSubGroupSizeCall(call)
        {};

        virtual llvm::Value* getNewValue(const Dispatcher* dispatcher) override
        {
            llvm::Value* block_simd_size = KernelSubGroupSizeCall::getNewValue(dispatcher);
            block_simd_size->setName("block_simd_size");
            llvm::Value* subgroupCount = _deviceExecCall->getSubgroupCount();
            assert(subgroupCount != nullptr);

            llvm::Value* args[] = { subgroupCount, block_simd_size };

            const auto newName = "__intel_calc_kernel_local_size_for_sub_group_count";
            auto calledFunction = _deviceExecCall->getCalledFunction();
            if (calledFunction == nullptr) report_fatal_error("indirect calls are not supported");
            return CreateNewCall(newName, calledFunction->getReturnType(), args);
        }
    };

    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    /// Handle OpGetKernelMaxNumSubgroups call
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    class KernelMaxNumSubgroups : public KernelSubGroupSizeCall
    {
    public:
        explicit KernelMaxNumSubgroups(DeviceExecCallArgs* call) : KernelSubGroupSizeCall(call)
        {};

        virtual llvm::Value* getNewValue(const Dispatcher* dispatcher) override
        {
            llvm::Value* block_simd_size = KernelSubGroupSizeCall::getNewValue(dispatcher);
            block_simd_size->setName("block_simd_size");

            llvm::Value* args[] = { block_simd_size };

            const auto newName = "__intel_calc_kernel_max_num_subgroups";
            auto calledFunction = _deviceExecCall->getCalledFunction();
            if (calledFunction == nullptr) report_fatal_error("indirect calls are not supported");
            return CreateNewCall(newName, calledFunction->getReturnType(), args);
        }
    };

    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    /// Handles enqueue_kernel() call
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    class EnqueueKernelCall : public CallHandler
    {

        /// structure for buffer arguments for enqueue_IB_kernel
        /// matches signature of enqueue_IB_kernel_local()
        struct BufferArguments
        {
            llvm::Value* scalarParamBuf;
            llvm::Value* sizeofscalarParamBuf;
            llvm::Value* globalArgBuf;
            llvm::Value* numGlobalArgBuf;
            llvm::Value* local_size_buf;
            llvm::Value* sizeof_local_size_buf;
            llvm::Value* globalPtrArgMappingBuf;
            llvm::Value* getobjectidMappingBuf;
            llvm::Value* numArgMappings;
        };

        const llvm::DataLayout* _DL;

        uint64_t sizeInBlocks(uint64_t size, llvm::Type* blockType)
        {
            auto blockSize = _DL->getTypeAllocSize(blockType);
            return size / blockSize + (((size % blockSize) == 0) ? 0 : 1);
        }

        /// Create alloca instruction
        llvm::AllocaInst* AllocateBuffer(llvm::Type* type, uint64_t arrSize, const llvm::Twine& name = "");

        /// Create instruction to fill buffers for enqueue_IB_kernel()
        BufferArguments CreateBufferArguments(llvm::IRBuilder<>& builder, llvm::ArrayRef<Capture> capturedValues);

    protected:
        /// Create call to enqueue_IB_kernel
        virtual llvm::Value* getNewValue(const Dispatcher* dispatcher) override;

    public:
        explicit EnqueueKernelCall(DeviceExecCallArgs* call)
            : CallHandler(call)
            , _DL(&call->getCall()->getParent()->getParent()->getParent()->getDataLayout())
        {}

        virtual ~EnqueueKernelCall() {}
    };

    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    // DataContext - "database" to store all objects used in the pass
    // contains queries to get objects by keys
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    class DataContext
    {
        struct InvokeRecord
        {
            std::vector<std::unique_ptr<CallHandler>> _enqueues;
            std::unique_ptr<Dispatcher> _dispatcher;
            IGC::IGCMD::FunctionInfoMetaDataHandle _dispatcherMetaData;

            InvokeRecord() = default;
            InvokeRecord(InvokeRecord&& other)
                : _enqueues(std::move(other._enqueues))
                , _dispatcher(std::move(other._dispatcher))
                , _dispatcherMetaData(std::move(other._dispatcherMetaData))
            {
            }

        };

        // Since map _invocations's key (Function*) could be non-deterministic (
        // depending on where a function is allocated), this would cause invokedFunc
        // to be mapped to a different dispatch_x each time the program is compiled.
        // To prevent this from happening, we will use a custom compare, which is based
        // on the function's name.
        std::map<const llvm::Function*, InvokeRecord, FuncCompare> _invocations;
        std::map<llvm::Value*, std::unique_ptr<DeviceEnqueueParamValue>> _deviceEnqueueParamValueMap;
        unsigned _blocksNum;

        KindQuery _kindQuery;
        MetadataBuilder _MDBuilder;

    public:

        DataContext(IGC::IGCMD::MetaDataUtils* pMdUtils)
            : _blocksNum(0)
            , _kindQuery(*this)
            , _MDBuilder(pMdUtils, *this)
        {}

        const KindQuery& getKindQuery() { return _kindQuery; }
        MetadataBuilder& getMetaDataBuilder() { return _MDBuilder; }

        /// Register new "device execution" call handler in the "database"
        CallHandler* registerCallHandler(llvm::CallInst& call);

        /// Check if function is registered as InvokeFunc
        bool isInvokeFunc(const llvm::Function* func)
        {
            return _invocations.count(func) > 0;
        }

        /// Return a list of all block_invoke functions used in registered "device execution" calls
        std::vector<const llvm::Function*> getInvokeFuncs()
        {
            std::vector<const llvm::Function*> invokedFuncs;
            for (auto& pair : _invocations)
            {
                invokedFuncs.push_back(pair.first);
            }
            return invokedFuncs;
        }

        /// Return Dispatcher for the registered block_invoke function.
        /// Create new Dispatcher and store in "DB" if needed
        Dispatcher* getDispatcherForInvokeFunc(const llvm::Function* invokeFunc);

        /// Return Dispatcher for _dispatch_X function
        Dispatcher* getDispatcherForDispatchFunc(const llvm::Function* dispatchFunc);

        /// Return a list of registered cahh handlers for particular block_invoke
        const std::vector<CallHandler*> getCallHandlersFor(const llvm::Function* invokeFunc)
        {
            std::vector<CallHandler*> callHandlers;
            auto invocationPos = _invocations.find(invokeFunc);
            if (invocationPos != _invocations.end())
            {
                for (auto& ptr : invocationPos->second._enqueues)
                {
                    callHandlers.push_back(ptr.get());
                }
            }
            return callHandlers;
        }

        /// Create, register and return BlockDescriptorValue
        /// for the block value passed to a "device execution" call
        DeviceEnqueueParamValue* getDeviceEnqueueParamValue(llvm::Value* value);

        /// Return parent's kernel name for block_invoke function
        /// used for _dispatch_X kernel generation
        llvm::StringRef getParentKernelName(const llvm::Function* invokeFunc, std::set<const llvm::Function*> &processedFuncs);

        /// track load/store instructions to get source value
        static llvm::Value* getSourceValueFor(llvm::Value* value, llvm::Instruction* destValue = nullptr);

        /// Lookup for the kernel/dispatcher argument connected to the value
        llvm::Argument* getArgForValue(llvm::Value* value);
    };

    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    /// llvm Pass
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    class TransformBlocks : public llvm::ModulePass
    {
    public:
        static char ID;
        TransformBlocks() : llvm::ModulePass(ID)
        {
            initializeTransformBlocksPass(*PassRegistry::getPassRegistry());
        }

        virtual llvm::StringRef getPassName() const override
        {
            return "TransformBlocks Pass";
        }

        virtual void getAnalysisUsage(llvm::AnalysisUsage& AU) const override
        {
            AU.addRequired<MetaDataUtilsWrapper>();
            AU.addRequired<CodeGenContextWrapper>();
        }

        bool runOnModule(Module &M) override
        {
            bool changed = false;
            auto pMdUtils = getAnalysis<MetaDataUtilsWrapper>().getMetaDataUtils();
            auto modMD = getAnalysis<MetaDataUtilsWrapper>().getModuleMetaData();

            // dataContext "owns" all created objects in internal "database"
            DataContext dataContext(pMdUtils);

            // Inline functions which have device exec calls up to kernel or block_invoke level
            // to properly resolve parent argument number for the following case:
            //
            // void doEnq(image, sampler) { enqueue_kernel(..., ^{ child(image, sampler); }); }
            // kernel void k1(image, sampler) { doEnc(image, sampler); }
            // kernel void k2(sampler, image) { doEnc(image, sampler); }
            changed = InlineEnqueueKernelCalls(M, dataContext) || changed;

            // Run mem2reg pass to make the processing simpler
            bool isOptDisabled = modMD->compOpt.OptDisable;
            if (!isOptDisabled)
            {
                legacy::PassManager PM;
                PM.add(createPromoteMemoryToRegisterPass());
                changed = PM.run(M) || changed;
            }


            // calls to blocks (not enqueues) are implemented as indirect calls
            // these calls should be resolved now because indirect calls are not
            // supported by other passes
            changed = ResolveIndirectBlockCalls(M) || changed;

            // Lookup and register all "device enqueue" calls
            RegisterCallHandlers(M, dataContext);

            auto invokeFuncs = dataContext.getInvokeFuncs();

            for (auto& invokeFunc : invokeFuncs)
            {
                auto dispatcher = dataContext.getDispatcherForInvokeFunc(invokeFunc);
                auto dispatchKernel = dispatcher->getDispatchKernel();
                dataContext.getMetaDataBuilder().getOrEmitKernelMetadata(dispatchKernel);

                dataContext.getMetaDataBuilder().EmitDeviceEnqueueMetadataPair(invokeFunc, dispatchKernel);
                
                changed = true;
            }

            // All dispatchers should be created before replace calls (SAMPLERS!!!)
            for (auto& invokeFunc : invokeFuncs)
            {
                for (auto& enqueue : dataContext.getCallHandlersFor(invokeFunc))
                {
                    enqueue->ReplaceCall(dataContext.getDispatcherForInvokeFunc(invokeFunc));
                    changed = true;
                }
            }

            // Remove values not supported by compiler (extern global BlockStacks and pointer to functions)
            changed = RemoveUnsupportedInstFromModule(M) || changed;
            
            return changed;
        }

    private:

        // Inline function to its callers and remove
        bool InlineToParents(llvm::Function* func, DataContext& dataContext)
        {
            bool inlined = false;
            std::vector<llvm::User*> users(func->user_begin(), func->user_end());
            for (auto user : users)
            {
                if (auto callInst = dyn_cast<llvm::CallInst>(user))
                {
                    llvm::InlineFunctionInfo IFI;
                    inlined = llvm::InlineFunction(callInst, IFI, nullptr, false) || inlined;
                }
            }

            // kernels and block_invokes should be kept
            // block_invoke has at least 1 use which is not a call but pointer
            if (func->use_empty() && !dataContext.getKindQuery().isKernel(func))
            {
                func->eraseFromParent();
            }
            return inlined;
        }

        // All functions which call enqueue_kernel should be inlined up to
        // kernel or block_invoke level to proper argument number detection of
        // captured images and samplers
        bool InlineEnqueueKernelCalls(llvm::Module &M, DataContext& dataContext)
        {
            bool changed = false;
            for (auto& func : M.functions())
            {
                // enqueue_kernel functions are just declared
                if (!func.isDeclaration())
                {
                    continue;
                }

                auto funcName = func.getName();
                if (!funcName.startswith(FNAME_ENQUEUE_KERNEL) && 
                    !funcName.startswith(FNAME_SPIRV_ENQUEUE_KERNEL) &&
                    !funcName.startswith(FNAME_ENQUEUE_KERNEL_BASIC) &&
                    !funcName.startswith(FNAME_ENQUEUE_KERNEL_VAARGS) &&
                    !funcName.startswith(FNAME_ENQUEUE_KERNEL_EVENTS_VAARGS))
                {
                    continue;
                }

                bool inlined = false;
                do
                {
                    inlined = false;
                    std::vector<llvm::User*> users(func.user_begin(), func.user_end());
                    for (auto user : users)
                    {
                        //for each call to enqueue_kernel
                        if (auto callInst = dyn_cast<llvm::CallInst>(user))
                        {
                            //try to inline the caller
                            inlined = InlineToParents(callInst->getParent()->getParent(), dataContext) || inlined;
                        }
                    }
                    changed = inlined || changed;

                } while (inlined); // if callers are inlined, restart loop with new users list
            }
            return changed;
        }

        // ResolveIndirectCalls - resolves all idirect calls assuming these are block calls
        // calls are inlined to properly resolve cases when block returns block
        bool ResolveIndirectBlockCalls(llvm::Module &M)
        {
            bool changed = false;
            for (auto& func : M.functions())
            {
                if (func.isDeclaration())
                    continue;

                bool inlined = false;
                do
                {
                    // repeat in-function iteration until complete all inlinings
                    // because inlined blocks can contain indirect calls as well
                    inlined = false;
                    for (auto& BB : func)
                    {
                        for (auto& I : BB)
                        {
                            auto callInst = dyn_cast<llvm::CallInst>(&I);
                            if (callInst != nullptr && callInst->getCalledFunction() == nullptr)
                            {
                                // assuming indirect call is the block call
                                unsigned blockArgIdx = callInst->hasStructRetAttr() ? 1 : 0;
                                if (callInst->getNumArgOperands() > blockArgIdx)
                                {
                                    if (auto blockDescrStruct = StructValue::get(callInst->getArgOperand(blockArgIdx)->stripPointerCasts()))
                                    {
                                        if (auto blockInvokeFunc = dyn_cast<llvm::Function>(blockDescrStruct->getValueStoredAtIndex(BLOCK_INDEX_INVOKE_FUNC)))
                                        {
                                            callInst->setCalledFunction(blockInvokeFunc);
                                            changed = true;
                                            llvm::InlineFunctionInfo IFI;
                                            inlined = llvm::InlineFunction(callInst, IFI, nullptr, false);
                                            assert(inlined && "failed inlining block invoke function");
                                        }
                                    }
                                }
                            }

                            // break in-BB iteration
                            if (inlined) break;
                        }
                        // restart in-function iteration
                        if (inlined) break;
                    }
                } while (inlined);
            }
            return changed;
        }

        /// Enumerate all call instructions in the module and register "device enq" handlers
        void RegisterCallHandlers(llvm::Module& M, DataContext& dataContext)
        {
            for (auto& func : M.functions())
            {
                if (func.isDeclaration())
                    continue;
                
                for (auto& BB : func)
                {
                    for (auto& I : BB)
                    {
                        if (I.getOpcode() == Instruction::Call)
                        {
                            // data context checks if call "device enq"
                            dataContext.registerCallHandler(static_cast<llvm::CallInst&>(I));
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        /// Remove values which are not supported (extern global blocks and function pointers)
        bool RemoveUnsupportedInstFromModule(llvm::Module& M)
        {
            bool changed = false;
            // remove unsupported externals
            const llvm::StringRef unsupportedExternalPtrNames[] = { "_NSConcreteStackBlock", "_NSConcreteGlobalBlock" };
            for (auto name : unsupportedExternalPtrNames)
            {
                if (auto gv = M.getGlobalVariable(name))
                {
                    auto gvType = cast<llvm::PointerType>(gv->getType());
                    auto initType = cast<llvm::PointerType>(gvType->getElementType());
                    auto nullConst = llvm::ConstantPointerNull::get(initType);
                    gv->setExternallyInitialized(false);
                    gv->setConstant(true);
                    gv->setInitializer(nullConst);
                    changed = true;
                }
            }

            // remove function pointers
            auto nullPtrConst = llvm::ConstantPointerNull::get(Type::getInt8PtrTy(M.getContext()));
            for (auto& func : M.functions())
            {
                for (auto user : func.users())
                {
                    if (!isa<llvm::CallInst>(user))
                    {
                        if (!isa<llvm::Constant>(user)) {
                            user->replaceUsesOfWith(&func, nullPtrConst);
                        } else {
                            user->replaceAllUsesWith(llvm::Constant::getNullValue(user->getType()));
                        }
                        changed = true;
                    }
                }
            }
            return changed;
        }
    };

    /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    // MetadataBuilder implementation
    /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    IGC::IGCMD::FunctionInfoMetaDataHandle MetadataBuilder::EmitKernelMetadata(const llvm::Function* kernelFunc)
    {
        // Helper structure for pretty printing types
        struct TypeNameHelper {
            static llvm::raw_ostream& BaseTypeName(llvm::Type* type, llvm::raw_ostream& os) {
                switch (type->getTypeID()) {
                case Type::VoidTyID:
                    return os << "void";
                case Type::HalfTyID:
                    return os << "half";
                case Type::FloatTyID:
                    return os << "float";
                case Type::DoubleTyID:
                case Type::X86_FP80TyID:
                case Type::FP128TyID:
                case Type::PPC_FP128TyID:
                    return os << "double";
                case Type::IntegerTyID:
                    switch (type->getIntegerBitWidth()) {
                    case 1:
                        return os << "bool";
                    case 8:
                        return os << "uchar";
                    case 16:
                        return os << "short";
                    case 32:
                        return os << "int";
                    case 64:
                        return os << "long";
                    default:
                        return os << "int";
                    }
                case Type::VectorTyID:
                    // this generates <element_type><num_elements> string. Ie for char2 element_type is char and num_elements is 2
                    // that is done by callin BaseTypeName on vector element type, this recursive call has only a depth of one since
                    // there are no compound vectors in OpenCL.
                    return BaseTypeName(type->getVectorElementType(), os) << type->getVectorNumElements();
                default:
                    assert(false && "Unknown basic type found");
                    return os << "unknown_type";
                }
            }

            static llvm::raw_ostream& Print(llvm::Type* type, llvm::raw_ostream& os) {
                if (type->isPointerTy())
                {
                    if (type->getPointerElementType()->isStructTy())
                    {
                        auto val = type->getPointerElementType()->getStructName();
                        size_t offset = val.find('.');
                        return os << val.substr(offset + 1);
                    }
                    return BaseTypeName(type->getPointerElementType(), os) << "*";
                }

                return BaseTypeName(type, os);
            }
        };

        //link dispatchMd to dispatch kernel
        IGC::IGCMD::FunctionInfoMetaDataHandle dispatchMd = _pMdUtils->getOrInsertFunctionsInfoItem(const_cast<llvm::Function*>(kernelFunc));

        //set function type for dispatch
        dispatchMd->setType(IGC::IGCMD::FunctionTypeEnum::EntryFunctionType);

        for (auto& arg : kernelFunc->args())
        {
            auto argType = arg.getType();

            int32_t addrSpace = (argType->isPointerTy()) ? static_cast<int32_t>(argType->getPointerAddressSpace()) : 0;
            std::string accessQual = "none";

            std::string typeName;
            llvm::SmallVector<llvm::StringRef, 3> nameFractions;
            if (argType->isIntegerTy() && _dataContext.getKindQuery().isSampleCaptured(kernelFunc, arg.getArgNo()))
            {
                typeName = "sampler_t";
            }
            else if (KindQuery::isImageType(argType, &nameFractions))
            {
                typeName = nameFractions[1];
                accessQual = nameFractions.size() > 2 ? nameFractions[2] : "read_write";
            }
            else
            {
                llvm::raw_string_ostream os(typeName);
                TypeNameHelper::Print(argType, os);
            }

            dispatchMd->addOpenCLArgAddressSpacesItem(addrSpace);     // !"kernel_arg_addr_space"
            dispatchMd->addOpenCLArgAccessQualifiersItem(accessQual); // !"kernel_arg_access_qual"
            dispatchMd->addOpenCLArgTypesItem(typeName);              // !"kernel_arg_type"
            dispatchMd->addOpenCLArgTypeQualifiersItem("");           // !"kernel_arg_type_qual"
            dispatchMd->addOpenCLArgBaseTypesItem(typeName);          // !"kernel_arg_base_type"
            dispatchMd->addOpenCLArgNamesItem(arg.getName());         // !"kernel_arg_name"
        }
        //save changes
        _pMdUtils->save(kernelFunc->getContext());
        return dispatchMd;
    }

    /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    //  KindQuery implementation
    /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

    // check if arg is sampler. 
    bool KindQuery::isSamplerArg(const llvm::Argument* arg) const
    {
        // Currently we support sampler types being represented as contant pointers or integer types
        if (arg == nullptr || !(arg->getType()->isIntegerTy() || arg->getType()->isPointerTy())) 
            return false;

        auto parentFunc = arg->getParent();

        auto argType = _dataContext.getMetaDataBuilder().getKernelArgTypeName(parentFunc, arg->getArgNo());
        if ("sampler_t" == argType)
        {
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }

    // check if dispatcher's argument is sampler. 
    bool KindQuery::isSampleCaptured(const llvm::Function* dispatchFunc, unsigned captureNum) const
    {
        auto dispatcher = _dataContext.getDispatcherForDispatchFunc(dispatchFunc);
        if (dispatcher == nullptr) return false;

        auto invokeFunc = dispatcher->getBlockInvokeFunc();

        // get list of calls which "enqueue" this dispatcher
        auto parentCalls = _dataContext.getCallHandlersFor(invokeFunc);
        if (parentCalls.size() == 0) report_fatal_error("parent calls for invoke are not set");

        // lookup for a call which located in a "__kernel"
        // if __kernel call will not found, use the one which is not self
        CallHandler* parentCallHandler = nullptr;
        for (auto callHandler : parentCalls)
        {
            const llvm::Function* callerFunc = callHandler->getArgs()->getCallerFunc();
            if (isKernel(callerFunc))
            {
                parentCallHandler = callHandler;
                break;
            }
            if (callerFunc != invokeFunc)
            {
                parentCallHandler = callHandler;
            }
        }

        if (parentCallHandler == nullptr) report_fatal_error("Fail parent call lookup: possible closed self-enqueue");

        auto capturedValues = parentCallHandler->getArgs()->getParamValue()->getCapturedValues(_dataContext.getDispatcherForInvokeFunc(invokeFunc)->getCaptureIndicies());
        auto& capture = capturedValues[captureNum];
        return (capture.kind == CaptureKind::SAMPLER);
    }

    bool KindQuery::isKernel(const llvm::Function* func) const
    {
        return _dataContext.getMetaDataBuilder().getKernelMetadata(func).get() != nullptr;
    }

    /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    //  DataContext implementation
    /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

    /// Create new CallHandler only for "device enqueue" calls
    CallHandler* DataContext::registerCallHandler(llvm::CallInst& call)
    {
        // device enqueue call handlers factories registry
        const std::pair<StringRef, std::function<CallHandler*(llvm::CallInst&, DataContext& dm)>> handlers[] =
        {
            {
                FNAME_MAX_SUB_GROUP_SIZE_FOR_NDRANGE,
                [](llvm::CallInst& call, DataContext& dm){ return new KernelSubGroupSizeCall(new ObjCNDRangeAndBlockCallArgs(call, dm)); }
            },
            {
                FNAME_PREFERRED_WORK_GROUP_SIZE_MULTIPLE,
                [](llvm::CallInst& call, DataContext& dm){ return new KernelSubGroupSizeCall(new ObjCBlockCallArgs(call, dm)); }
            },
            {
                FNAME_PREFERRED_WORK_GROUP_MULTIPLE_IMPL,
                [](llvm::CallInst& call, DataContext& dm) { return new KernelSubGroupSizeCall(new ObjCBlockCallArgs(call, dm)); }
            },
            {
                FNAME_WORK_GROUP_SIZE_IMPL,
                [](llvm::CallInst& call, DataContext& dm) { return new KernelMaxWorkGroupSizeCall(new ObjCBlockCallArgs(call, dm)); }
            },
            {
                FNAME_SUB_GROUP_COUNT_FOR_NDRANGE,
                [](llvm::CallInst& call, DataContext& dm){ return new KernelSubGroupCountForNDRangeCall(new ObjCNDRangeAndBlockCallArgs(call, dm)); }
            },
            {
                FNAME_ENQUEUE_KERNEL,
                [](llvm::CallInst& call, DataContext& dm){ return new EnqueueKernelCall(new ObjCEnqueueKernelArgs(call, dm)); }
            },
            {
                FNAME_ENQUEUE_KERNEL_BASIC,
                [](llvm::CallInst& call, DataContext& dm){ return new EnqueueKernelCall(new ObjCEnqueueKernelArgs(call, dm)); }
            },
            {
                FNAME_ENQUEUE_KERNEL_VAARGS,
                [](llvm::CallInst& call, DataContext& dm){ return new EnqueueKernelCall(new ObjCEnqueueKernelArgs(call, dm)); }
            },
            {
                FNAME_ENQUEUE_KERNEL_EVENTS_VAARGS,
                [](llvm::CallInst& call, DataContext& dm){ return new EnqueueKernelCall(new ObjCEnqueueKernelArgs(call, dm)); }
            },
            {
                FNAME_SPIRV_MAX_SUB_GROUP_SIZE_FOR_NDRANGE,
                [](llvm::CallInst& call, DataContext& dm){ return new KernelSubGroupSizeCall(new SPIRVNDRangeAndInvokeCallArgs(call, dm)); }
            },
            {
                FNAME_SPIRV_PREFERRED_WORK_GROUP_SIZE_MULTIPLE,
                [](llvm::CallInst& call, DataContext& dm){ return new KernelSubGroupSizeCall(new SPIRVInvokeCallArgs(call, dm)); }
            },
            {
                FNAME_SPIRV_LOCAL_SIZE_FOR_SUB_GROUP_COUNT,
                [](llvm::CallInst& call, DataContext& dm){ return new KernelLocalSizeForSubgroupCount(new SPIRVSubgroupCountAndInvokeCallArgs(call, dm)); }
            },
            {
                FNAME_SPIRV_MAX_NUM_SUB_GROUPS,
                [](llvm::CallInst& call, DataContext& dm){ return new KernelMaxNumSubgroups(new SPIRVInvokeCallArgs(call, dm)); }
            },
            {
                FNAME_SPIRV_SUB_GROUP_COUNT_FOR_NDRANGE,
                [](llvm::CallInst& call, DataContext& dm){ return new KernelSubGroupCountForNDRangeCall(new SPIRVNDRangeAndInvokeCallArgs(call, dm)); }
            },
            {
                FNAME_SPIRV_ENQUEUE_KERNEL,
                [](llvm::CallInst& call, DataContext& dm){ return new EnqueueKernelCall(new SPIRVOpEnqueueKernelCallArgs(call, dm)); }
            },
        };

        auto calledFunction = call.getCalledFunction();
        //fail indirect calls
        if (calledFunction == nullptr)
        {
            return nullptr;
        }
        auto calledFunctionName = calledFunction->getName();

        // Strategy/Factory
        // lookup called function name in handlers registry
        for (auto& handler_pair : handlers)
        {
            // if called function name matches one of known
            if (calledFunctionName.startswith(handler_pair.first))
            {
                // use appropriate factory to construct CallHandler
                auto callHandler = handler_pair.second(call, *this);
                _invocations[callHandler->getArgs()->getEnqueuedFunction()]._enqueues.emplace_back(callHandler);
                return callHandler;
            }
        }
        return nullptr;
    }

    Dispatcher* DataContext::getDispatcherForInvokeFunc(const llvm::Function* invokeFunc)
    {
        if (!_invocations[invokeFunc]._dispatcher)
        {
            std::set<const llvm::Function*> processedFuncs;
            StringRef parentKernelName = getParentKernelName(invokeFunc, processedFuncs);
            _invocations[invokeFunc]._dispatcher.reset(new Dispatcher(invokeFunc, parentKernelName, _blocksNum++));
        }

        return _invocations.at(invokeFunc)._dispatcher.get();
    }

    Dispatcher* DataContext::getDispatcherForDispatchFunc(const llvm::Function* dispatchFunc)
    {
        for (auto& pair : _invocations)
        {
            if (auto& dispatcher = pair.second._dispatcher)
            {
                if (dispatcher->getDispatchKernel() == dispatchFunc)
                {
                    return dispatcher.get();
                }
            }
        }
        return nullptr;
    }

    DeviceEnqueueParamValue* DataContext::getDeviceEnqueueParamValue(llvm::Value* value)
    {
        if (!_deviceEnqueueParamValueMap[value])
        {
            _deviceEnqueueParamValueMap[value].reset(new DeviceEnqueueParamValue(value, *this));
        }
        return _deviceEnqueueParamValueMap[value].get();
    }

    llvm::StringRef DataContext::getParentKernelName(const llvm::Function* invokeFunc, std::set<const llvm::Function*> &processedFuncs)
    {
        if (invokeFunc == nullptr) report_fatal_error("invoke function should not be null");

        processedFuncs.insert(invokeFunc);

        auto callHandlers = getCallHandlersFor(invokeFunc);
        std::vector<const llvm::Function*> parentCandidates;
        for (auto& callHandler : callHandlers)
        {
            auto caller = callHandler->getArgs()->getCallerFunc();
            if (processedFuncs.count(caller) == 0)
            {
                parentCandidates.push_back(caller);
            }
        }

        //if function is not invoked, then lookup for direct callers
        for (auto user : invokeFunc->users())
        {
            if (auto callInst = dyn_cast<llvm::CallInst>(user))
            {
                if (callInst->getCalledFunction() == invokeFunc)
                {
                    auto caller = callInst->getParent()->getParent();
                    if (processedFuncs.count(caller) == 0)
                    {
                        parentCandidates.push_back(caller);
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        const llvm::Function* parentCandidate = nullptr;
        for (auto myFunc : parentCandidates)
        {
            if (getKindQuery().isKernel(myFunc))
            {
                return myFunc->getName();
            }
            if (myFunc != invokeFunc)
            {
                parentCandidate = myFunc;
            }
        }

        if (parentCandidate == nullptr) report_fatal_error("Fail parent kernel lookup: possible closed self-enqueue");
        return getParentKernelName(parentCandidate, processedFuncs);
        
    }

    llvm::Value* DataContext::getSourceValueFor(llvm::Value* value, llvm::Instruction* destValue /*= nullptr*/)
    {
        if (value == nullptr) return value;

        if (auto loadInst = dyn_cast<llvm::LoadInst>(value))
        {
            return getSourceValueFor(loadInst->getPointerOperand(), loadInst);
        }

        if (auto castInst = dyn_cast<llvm::CastInst>(value))
        {
            return getSourceValueFor(castInst->getOperand(0), castInst);
        }

        if (auto constExpr = dyn_cast<llvm::ConstantExpr>(value))
        {
            if (constExpr->isCast())
            {
                return getSourceValueFor(constExpr->getOperand(0), destValue);
            }
        }

        if (auto allocaInst = dyn_cast<llvm::AllocaInst>(value))
        {
            auto currBB = allocaInst->getParent();
            assert(currBB);
            auto currFunc = currBB->getParent();
            assert(currFunc);

            llvm::StoreInst* foundStore = nullptr;

            for (auto II = llvm::inst_begin(currFunc); !II.atEnd() && (&(*II) != destValue); ++II)
            {
                auto inst = &(*II);
                if (auto storeInst = dyn_cast<llvm::StoreInst>(inst))
                {
                    if (storeInst->getPointerOperand() == allocaInst)
                    {
                        foundStore = storeInst;
                    }
                }
            }

            if (foundStore != nullptr)
            {
                return getSourceValueFor(foundStore->getValueOperand(), nullptr);
            }
        }

        return value;
    }

    llvm::Argument* DataContext::getArgForValue(llvm::Value* value)
    {
        auto sourceValue = getSourceValueFor(value);

        //just an argument of parent kernel
        if (auto arg = dyn_cast<llvm::Argument>(sourceValue))
        {
            return arg;
        }

        //passed as block_descr element to block_invoke
        if (auto getElemPtrInstr = dyn_cast<llvm::GetElementPtrInst>(sourceValue))
        {
            //check if we are in the block_invoke which is already dispatched
            auto myFunction = getElemPtrInstr->getParent()->getParent();
            if (isInvokeFunc(myFunction))
            {
              auto sourcePointer = getSourceValueFor(getElemPtrInstr->getPointerOperand());
              //assuming that block_invoke function always has the first argument which is the pointer to block descriptor
              auto sourceArg = llvm::dyn_cast_or_null<llvm::Argument>(sourcePointer);
              if (sourceArg != nullptr && sourceArg->getArgNo() == 0)
              {
                auto dispatcherCallingMe = getDispatcherForInvokeFunc(myFunction);

                if (auto elemIdxValue = dyn_cast<const llvm::ConstantInt>(getElemPtrInstr->getOperand(getElemPtrInstr->getNumOperands() - 1)))
                {
                    auto elemIndex = (GEPIndex)elemIdxValue->getZExtValue();
                    unsigned argId = 0;
                    for (auto idx : dispatcherCallingMe->getCaptureIndicies())
                    {
                        if (elemIndex == idx) return dispatcherCallingMe->getCaptureArgs()[argId];
                        argId++;
                    }
                }
              }
            }
        }

        return nullptr;
    }

    /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    //  StructValue implementation
    /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

    std::unique_ptr<StructValue> StructValue::get(llvm::Value* value)
    {
        assert(value != nullptr);

        if (value == nullptr)
            return nullptr;

        auto sourceValue = DataContext::getSourceValueFor(value);

        if (auto allocaInst = dyn_cast<llvm::AllocaInst>(sourceValue))
        {
            return std::unique_ptr<StructValue>(new AllocaStructValue(allocaInst));
        }
        else if (auto globalVar = dyn_cast<llvm::GlobalVariable>(sourceValue))
        {
            if (!globalVar->hasInitializer())
            {
                return nullptr;
            }

            while (auto subGV = dyn_cast<llvm::GlobalVariable>(globalVar->getInitializer()->stripPointerCasts()))
            {
                globalVar = subGV;
                if (!globalVar->hasInitializer())
                {
                    return nullptr;
                }
            }

            if (auto constantStruct = dyn_cast<llvm::ConstantStruct>(globalVar->getInitializer()))
            {
                return std::unique_ptr<StructValue>(new ConstantStructValue(constantStruct));
            }
        }
        else if (isa<llvm::ConstantPointerNull>(sourceValue))
        {
            return std::unique_ptr<StructValue>(new NullStructValue(sourceValue));
        }
        assert(false && "should not be here");
        return nullptr;
    }

    /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    //  StoreInstBuilder implementation
    /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

    uint64_t StoreInstBuilder::Store(llvm::Value* dest, llvm::Value* source, uint64_t destIndex /*= UINT64_MAX*/, bool byVal /*= true*/)
    {
        assert(dest != nullptr);
        assert(source != nullptr);

        auto ptrType = dest->getType();
        assert(ptrType->isPointerTy());

        auto destPtr = dest;
        auto typeToSelect = source->getType();
        if (destIndex != UINT64_MAX)
        {
            if (KindQuery::isStructType(ptrType))
            {
                destPtr = _builder.CreateStructGEP(nullptr, dest, static_cast<unsigned>(destIndex));
                // If store to struct then use struct element type
                // to select proper store instruction
                typeToSelect = destPtr->getType();
            }
            else
            {
                destPtr = (_DL->getPointerTypeSize(ptrType) > 4)
                    ? _builder.CreateConstInBoundsGEP2_64(dest, 0, destIndex)
                    : _builder.CreateConstInBoundsGEP2_32(nullptr, dest, 0, (unsigned)destIndex);
            }
        }

        auto align = _DL->getPrefTypeAlignment(destPtr->getType()->getPointerElementType());

        return (byVal && KindQuery::isStructType(typeToSelect))
            ? CreateMemCpy(destPtr, source, align)
            : CreateStore(destPtr, source, align);
    }

    /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    //  BlockInvoke implementation
    /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

    void BlockInvoke::analyzeInvokeFunction()
    {
        // Block descriptor is passed to block_invoke() as i8* in the first argument
        // then casted to the pointer to proper structure type
        // we should use this structure type in dispatcher

        _localPointerTypes.clear();

        //get the structure value which contains captured values (block_structure)
        for (auto& arg : _invokeFunc->args())
        {
            auto argType = arg.getType();
            if (argType->isPointerTy())
            {
                //catch local pointer
                if (argType->getPointerAddressSpace() == ADDRESS_SPACE_LOCAL)
                {
                    _localPointerTypes.push_back(argType);
                }
                //catch block_descriptor pointer
                else if (argType->getPointerElementType()->isIntegerTy(8))
                {
                    for (auto arg_user : arg.users())
                    {
                        // block_descriptor is casted to struct
                        if (auto casted_block_descr = dyn_cast<llvm::CastInst>(arg_user))
                        {
                            //store it's type to captureStructType
                            auto dest_type = casted_block_descr->getDestTy();
                            while (dest_type->isPointerTy())
                            {
                                dest_type = dest_type->getPointerElementType();
                            }

                            _captureStructType = cast<llvm::StructType>(dest_type);

                            //for every getelementptr user of casted block_structure
                            for (auto casted_block_descr_user : casted_block_descr->users())
                            {
                                if (auto gepInstr = dyn_cast<llvm::GetElementPtrInst>(casted_block_descr_user))
                                {
                                    if (gepInstr->getNumIndices() == 2)
                                    {
                                        //store index 
                                        auto gepIndexValue = cast<llvm::ConstantInt>(gepInstr->getOperand(2));
                                        auto gepIndex = (GEPIndex)gepIndexValue->getZExtValue();
                                        _captureIndicies.push_back(gepIndex);
                                    }
                                }
                            }

                            //sort captureStructIndicies
                            std::sort(_captureIndicies.begin(), _captureIndicies.end());
                            auto newEnd = std::unique(_captureIndicies.begin(), _captureIndicies.end());
                            _captureIndicies.erase(newEnd, _captureIndicies.end());
                        }
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    assert(0 && "Unacceptable block_invoke() argument");
                }
            }

        }
    }

    unsigned BlockInvoke::getPrefStructAlignment(llvm::StructType* structType, const llvm::DataLayout* dl)
    {
        auto align = dl->getPrefTypeAlignment(structType);
        for (auto elemType : structType->elements())
        {
            auto elemAlign = dl->getPrefTypeAlignment(elemType);
            if (auto subStructType = dyn_cast<llvm::StructType>(elemType))
            {
                elemAlign = getPrefStructAlignment(subStructType, dl);
            }
            align = elemAlign > align ? elemAlign : align;
        }
        return align;
    }

    llvm::CallInst* BlockInvoke::EmitBlockInvokeCall(llvm::IRBuilder<>& builder, llvm::ArrayRef<llvm::Argument*> captures, llvm::ArrayRef<llvm::Argument*> tailingArgs) const
    {
        //IRBuilder: allocate structure
        auto block_descriptor_val = builder.CreateAlloca(_captureStructType, nullptr, ".block_struct");
        auto dl = getFunction()->getParent()->getDataLayout();
        auto blockStructAlign = getPrefStructAlignment(_captureStructType, &dl);
        block_descriptor_val->setAlignment(blockStructAlign);
        //IRBuilder: store arguments to structure
        StoreInstBuilder storeBuilder(builder);
        for (unsigned argIdx = 0; argIdx < getCaptureIndicies().size(); ++argIdx)
        {
            auto srcArg = captures[argIdx];
            storeBuilder.Store(block_descriptor_val, srcArg, getCaptureIndicies()[argIdx]);
        }

        //IRBuilder: call block_invoke
        std::vector<llvm::Value*> invoke_args{ tailingArgs.size() + 1 };

        unsigned AS = getFunction()->getFunctionType()->getFunctionParamType(0)->getPointerAddressSpace();
        invoke_args[0] = builder.CreatePointerCast(block_descriptor_val, llvm::Type::getInt8PtrTy(builder.getContext(), AS), ".block_descriptor");
        std::copy(tailingArgs.begin(), tailingArgs.end(), invoke_args.begin() + 1);

        return builder.CreateCall(const_cast<llvm::Function*>(getFunction()), invoke_args);
    }

    /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    //  Dispatcher implementation
    /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

    Function* Dispatcher::EmitDispatchFunction(const llvm::Twine& dispatchKernelName)
    {
        std::vector<llvm::Type*> argTypes;
        std::vector<unsigned int> byValArgs;
        auto captureIndicies = getCaptureIndicies();
        auto capturesNum = captureIndicies.size();
        for (unsigned i = 0; i < capturesNum; i++)
        {
            auto argType = _blockInvoke.getCaptureType(i);
            auto ptrToElemType = argType->getPointerTo();
            if (KindQuery::isStructType(ptrToElemType))
            {
                argType = ptrToElemType;
                byValArgs.push_back(i);
            }
            else if (KindQuery::isEventType(argType))
            {
                llvm::DataLayout DL = getBlockInvokeFunc()->getParent()->getDataLayout();
                argType = DL.getIntPtrType(argType);
            }
            argTypes.push_back(argType);
        }

        for (auto ptrType : _blockInvoke.getLocalPointerTypes())
        {
            argTypes.push_back(ptrType);
        }

        // dispatch_kernel = create signature
        llvm::FunctionType* dispatcherFunctionType = llvm::FunctionType::get(llvm::Type::getVoidTy(_context), argTypes, false);
        auto module = const_cast<llvm::Module*>(getBlockInvokeFunc()->getParent());
        _dispatchKernel = llvm::Function::Create(dispatcherFunctionType, llvm::GlobalValue::ExternalLinkage, dispatchKernelName, module);
        // Copy debug metadata from block invoke function.
        auto dbgMetadata = getBlockInvokeFunc()->getMetadata(LLVMContext::MD_dbg);
        _dispatchKernel->setMetadata(LLVMContext::MD_dbg, dbgMetadata);

        auto byValI = byValArgs.begin(), byValE = byValArgs.end();

        for (auto& arg : _dispatchKernel->args())
        {
            unsigned argNum = arg.getArgNo();
            if (argNum < capturesNum)
            {
                _captureArgs.push_back(&arg);
                arg.setName("capture" + Twine(captureIndicies[argNum]));
                // set byval attribute for struct arguments
                // note: byValArgs is filled in sorted manner
                if ((byValI != byValE) && (argNum == *byValI))
                {
                    arg.addAttr(llvm::AttributeSet::get(_context, llvm::AttributeSet::FunctionIndex, llvm::Attribute::ByVal));
                    ++byValI;
                }
            }
            else
            {
                _pointerArgs.push_back(&arg);
                arg.setName("local_ptr");
            }
        }


        //Generate body
        llvm::BasicBlock* BB = BasicBlock::Create(_context, "entry", _dispatchKernel);
        llvm::IRBuilder<> builder(BB);
        _blockInvoke.EmitBlockInvokeCall(builder, _captureArgs, _pointerArgs);
        builder.CreateRetVoid();

        return _dispatchKernel;
    }

    /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    //  Capture implementation
    /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

    Capture::Capture(llvm::Value* val, DataContext& context)
    {
        if (val == nullptr) report_fatal_error("captured value is null");
        value = val;
        if (auto arg = context.getArgForValue(value))
        {
            argNum = arg->getArgNo();
            kind = kindOf(arg, context);
        }
        else
        {
            argNum = ARG_NUM_NONE;
            kind = kindOf(value, context);
        }
    }

    CaptureKind Capture::kindOf(const llvm::Value* value, DataContext& context)
    {
        const llvm::Argument* arg = dyn_cast<llvm::Argument>(value);
        if (context.getKindQuery().isSamplerArg(arg))
        {
            return CaptureKind::SAMPLER;
        }

        auto valueType = value->getType();
        if (valueType->isPointerTy())
        {
            if (KindQuery::isImageType(valueType))
            {
                return CaptureKind::IMAGE;
            }
            if (KindQuery::isQueueType(valueType))
            {
                // queue_t is actually __global pointer
                return CaptureKind::POINTER;
            }
            IGC::ADDRESS_SPACE addrSpace = (IGC::ADDRESS_SPACE)valueType->getPointerAddressSpace();
            if ((addrSpace == ADDRESS_SPACE_GLOBAL || addrSpace == ADDRESS_SPACE_CONSTANT))
            {
                return CaptureKind::POINTER;
            }
        }
       
        return CaptureKind::SCALAR;
    }

    /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    //  DeviceEnqueueParamValue implementation
    /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

    DeviceEnqueueParamValue::DeviceEnqueueParamValue(llvm::Value* param, DataContext& dataContext) : gotCapturedValues(false)
        , _paramStruct(StructValue::get(param->stripPointerCasts()))
        , _block_invokeFunction(nullptr)
        , _dataContext(dataContext)
    {
        if (!_paramStruct) report_fatal_error("Enqueue param is not a struct");

        if (_dataContext.getKindQuery().isBlockStructType(_paramStruct->getType())) {
            /// ObjectiveC block value passed to OCL "device execution" call. 
            // On SPIR-V path it can be null - invoke function is taken from call arguments.
            _block_invokeFunction = dyn_cast_or_null<llvm::Function>(_paramStruct->getValueStoredAtIndex(BLOCK_INDEX_INVOKE_FUNC));

            assert(_block_invokeFunction == nullptr || _block_invokeFunction->getName().find("block_invoke") != llvm::StringRef::npos);
        }
    }

    /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    //  DeviceExecCallArgs implementation
    /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

    DeviceEnqueueParamValue* DeviceExecCallArgs::getParamValue()
    {
        if (_paramValue == nullptr)
        {
            if (auto param = getParamArg()) {
                _paramValue = _dataContext.getDeviceEnqueueParamValue(param->stripPointerCasts());
            }
            else {
                report_fatal_error("Enqueue param is not set");
            }
        }
        return _paramValue;
    }

    /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    //  CallHandler implementation
    /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

    llvm::Function* CallHandler::getOrCreateFunc(llvm::StringRef name, llvm::Type* retType, llvm::ArrayRef<llvm::Type*> argTypes, bool isVarArg /*= false*/)
    {
        auto funcType = llvm::FunctionType::get(
            /*Result=*/retType,
            /*Params=*/argTypes,
            /*isVarArg=*/isVarArg);
        auto func = cast<llvm::Function>(_deviceExecCall->getModule()->getOrInsertFunction(name, funcType));
        assert(func != nullptr);
        func->setCallingConv(llvm::CallingConv::C);

        return func;
    }

    llvm::CallInst* CallHandler::CreateNewCall(llvm::StringRef newName, llvm::Type* retType, llvm::ArrayRef<llvm::Value*> args)
    {
        auto call = _deviceExecCall->getCall();
        llvm::Function* oldFunc = call->getCalledFunction();
        assert(oldFunc != NULL);

        std::vector<llvm::Type*> argTypes;
        for (auto arg : args)
        {
            argTypes.push_back(arg->getType());
        }

        auto newFunc = getOrCreateFunc(newName, retType, argTypes);
        newFunc->copyAttributesFrom(oldFunc);

        llvm::CallInst* newCall = llvm::CallInst::Create(newFunc, args, "", call);
        assert(newCall != NULL);
        newCall->setCallingConv(call->getCallingConv());
        newCall->setAttributes(call->getAttributes());
        if (call->isTailCall())
            newCall->setTailCall();

        newCall->setDebugLoc(call->getDebugLoc());

        return newCall;
    }

    llvm::Value* CallHandler::ReplaceCall(const Dispatcher* dispatcher)
    {
        auto call = _deviceExecCall->getCall();
        llvm::Value* newValue = getNewValue(dispatcher);
        if (!call->use_empty())
            call->replaceAllUsesWith(newValue);

        newValue->takeName(call);
        call->eraseFromParent();
        //TODO _call = nullptr;
        return newValue;
    }

    llvm::AllocaInst* EnqueueKernelCall::AllocateBuffer(llvm::Type* type, uint64_t arrSize, const llvm::Twine& name /*= ""*/)
    {
        auto arrayType = llvm::ArrayType::get(type, arrSize);
        auto allocaInst = new AllocaInst(arrayType, name, &(*_deviceExecCall->getCallerFunc()->getEntryBlock().getFirstInsertionPt()));
        //TODO: fix bug in later IGC passes
        allocaInst->setAlignment(8);
        return allocaInst;
    }

    EnqueueKernelCall::BufferArguments EnqueueKernelCall::CreateBufferArguments(llvm::IRBuilder<>& builder, llvm::ArrayRef<Capture> capturedValues)
    {
        auto& context = _deviceExecCall->getContext();
        auto int32ty = Type::getInt32Ty(context);
        auto int64ty = Type::getInt64Ty(context);
        auto int8ptrty = Type::getInt8PtrTy(context);
        uint64_t scalarsBufSize = 0;
        uint64_t pointersNum = 0;
        uint64_t objectsNum = 0;
        for (auto& capturedValue : capturedValues)
        {
            auto valueType = capturedValue.value->getType();
            switch (capturedValue.kind)
            {
            case CaptureKind::SCALAR:
                if (KindQuery::isStructType(valueType))
                {
                    valueType = valueType->getPointerElementType();
                }
                scalarsBufSize += sizeInBlocks(_DL->getTypeAllocSize(valueType), int32ty);
                break;

            case CaptureKind::POINTER:
                // temporary ignore queue_t for backward compatibility
                if (!KindQuery::isQueueType(valueType))
                {
                    pointersNum++;
                }
                break;

            case CaptureKind::IMAGE:
            case CaptureKind::SAMPLER:
                objectsNum++;
                break;
                // omit "default" to prevent compilation
                // if not all cases are covered
            }
        }
        auto scalarsBuf = AllocateBuffer(int32ty, scalarsBufSize, "scalar_buf");
        auto pointersBuf = AllocateBuffer(int64ty, pointersNum, "pointer_buf");
        auto ptrMapBuf = AllocateBuffer(int32ty, pointersNum, "pointer_arg_map_buf");
        auto objectMapBuf = AllocateBuffer(int32ty, objectsNum * 2, "object_map_buf");

        uint64_t scalarsBufOffset = 0;
        uint64_t pointersBufOffset = 0;
        uint64_t ptrMapBufOffset = 0;
        uint64_t objectMapBufOffset = 0;

        // assuming _capturedValues is ordered in regard to Dispatcher arguments
        uint64_t dispatcherArgIdx = 0;
        StoreInstBuilder storeBuilder(builder);

        for (auto& capturedValue : capturedValues)
        {
            switch (capturedValue.kind)
            {
            case CaptureKind::SCALAR:
            {
                auto storedSize = storeBuilder.Store(scalarsBuf, capturedValue.value, scalarsBufOffset);
                scalarsBufOffset += sizeInBlocks(storedSize, int32ty);
            }
            break;

            case CaptureKind::POINTER:
                // temporary ignore queue_t for backward compatibility
                if (!KindQuery::isQueueType(capturedValue.value->getType()))
                {
                    auto storedSize = storeBuilder.Store(pointersBuf, capturedValue.value, pointersBufOffset, false);
                    pointersBufOffset += sizeInBlocks(storedSize, int64ty);

                    auto dispatcherArgIdxValue = llvm::ConstantInt::get(int32ty, dispatcherArgIdx);
                    storedSize = storeBuilder.Store(ptrMapBuf, dispatcherArgIdxValue, ptrMapBufOffset);
                    ptrMapBufOffset += sizeInBlocks(storedSize, int32ty);
                }
                break;

            case CaptureKind::IMAGE:
            case CaptureKind::SAMPLER:
            {
                if (Capture::ARG_NUM_NONE == capturedValue.argNum) report_fatal_error("unknown argument number for an object");
                auto objArgNumValue = llvm::ConstantInt::get(int32ty, capturedValue.argNum);
                auto getObjIDFunc = getOrCreateFunc("__builtin_IB_get_object_id", int32ty, int32ty);
                auto objIdValue = builder.CreateCall(getObjIDFunc, objArgNumValue, "obj_id");
                storeBuilder.Store(objectMapBuf, objIdValue, objectMapBufOffset + objectsNum);

                auto dispatcherArgIdxValue = llvm::ConstantInt::get(int32ty, dispatcherArgIdx);
                auto storedSize = storeBuilder.Store(objectMapBuf, dispatcherArgIdxValue, objectMapBufOffset);
                objectMapBufOffset += sizeInBlocks(storedSize, int32ty);
            }
            break;
            // omit "default" to prevent compilation if not all cases are covered
            }
            dispatcherArgIdx++;
        }

        assert(scalarsBufSize == scalarsBufOffset);
        assert(pointersNum == pointersBufOffset);
        assert(pointersNum == ptrMapBufOffset);
        assert(objectsNum == objectMapBufOffset);

        llvm::Value* localSizesBuf = nullptr;
        llvm::Value* localSizesNumValue = nullptr;
        if (_deviceExecCall->hasLocals())
        {
            auto int32ptrty = Type::getInt32PtrTy(context);
            auto localsBuf = AllocateBuffer(int32ty, _deviceExecCall->getLocaSizes().size(), "local_size_buf");
            uint64_t localSizeOffset = 0;
            for (auto localSizeValue : _deviceExecCall->getLocaSizes())
            {
                auto storedSize = storeBuilder.Store(localsBuf, localSizeValue, localSizeOffset);
                localSizeOffset += sizeInBlocks(storedSize, int32ty);
            }
            assert(_deviceExecCall->getLocaSizes().size() == localSizeOffset);

            localSizesBuf = builder.CreatePointerCast(localsBuf, int32ptrty);
            localSizesNumValue = llvm::ConstantInt::get(int32ty, localSizeOffset);
        }

        return BufferArguments{
            builder.CreatePointerCast(scalarsBuf, int8ptrty, "scalarParamBuf"),          // __private void* scalarParamBuf,
            llvm::ConstantInt::get(int32ty, scalarsBufSize * 4),                         // unsigned sizeofscalarParamBuf,
            builder.CreatePointerCast(pointersBuf, int8ptrty, "globalArgBuf"),           // __private void* globalArgBuf,
            llvm::ConstantInt::get(int32ty, pointersNum),                                // unsigned  numGlobalArgBuf,
            localSizesBuf,                                                               // __private int* local_size_buf,
            localSizesNumValue,                                                               // uint sizeof_local_size_buf,
            builder.CreatePointerCast(ptrMapBuf, int8ptrty, "globalPtrArgMappingBuf"),   // __private void* globalPtrArgMappingBuf,
            builder.CreatePointerCast(objectMapBuf, int8ptrty, "getobjectidMappingBuf"), // __private void* getobjectidMappingBuf,
            llvm::ConstantInt::get(int32ty, objectsNum),                                 // unsigned  numArgMappings
        };
    }

    llvm::Value* EnqueueKernelCall::getNewValue(const Dispatcher* dispatcher)
    {
        //New call signature:
        //
        //INLINE int enqueue_IB_kernel(...
        //or
        //INLINE int enqueue_IB_kernel_local(...
        //or
        //INLINE int enqueue_IB_kernel_events(...
        //or
        //INLINE int enqueue_IB_kernel_local_events(...
        SmallString<64> newFuncName{ "enqueue_IB_kernel" };
        if (_deviceExecCall->hasLocals())
        {
            newFuncName.append("_local");
        }
        if (_deviceExecCall->hasEvents())
        {
            newFuncName.append("_events");
        }

        IRBuilder<> builder(_deviceExecCall->getCall());
        auto capturedValues = _deviceExecCall->getParamValue()->getCapturedValues(dispatcher->getCaptureIndicies());
        auto buffers = CreateBufferArguments(builder, capturedValues);

        //...( queue_t q, kernel_enqueue_flags_t flags, const ndrange_t range,...
        std::vector<llvm::Value*> args{ _deviceExecCall->getQueue(), _deviceExecCall->getEnqueueFlags(), AdjustNDRangeType(_deviceExecCall->getNDRange()) };

        //..._events(..., uint numEventsInWaitList, const clk_event_t* waitList, clk_event_t* returnEvent, ...
        if (_deviceExecCall->hasEvents())
        {
            auto CastValue = [&](Value* pEvt)
            {
                auto *pNewType = PointerType::get(pEvt->getType()->getPointerElementType(), ADDRESS_SPACE_PRIVATE);
                auto *pCasted  = builder.CreatePointerBitCastOrAddrSpaceCast(pEvt, pNewType);
                return pCasted;
            };

            args.push_back(_deviceExecCall->getNumWaitEvents());
            args.push_back(CastValue(_deviceExecCall->getWaitEventsList()));
            args.push_back(CastValue(_deviceExecCall->getRetEvent()));
        }

        //...(..., unsigned block_id, ...
        auto int32ty = Type::getInt32Ty(_deviceExecCall->getContext());
        auto blockIdValue = llvm::ConstantInt::get(int32ty, dispatcher->getBlockId());
        args.push_back(blockIdValue);

        //...(..., void* scalarParamBuf, unsigned sizeofscalarParamBuf, void* globalArgBuf, unsigned  numGlobalArgBuf,...
        args.push_back(buffers.scalarParamBuf);
        args.push_back(buffers.sizeofscalarParamBuf);
        args.push_back(buffers.globalArgBuf);
        args.push_back(buffers.numGlobalArgBuf);

        //..._locals...(..., int* local_size_buf, uint sizeof_local_size_buf,...
        if (_deviceExecCall->hasLocals())
        {
            assert(buffers.local_size_buf != nullptr);
            assert(buffers.sizeof_local_size_buf != nullptr);
            args.push_back(buffers.local_size_buf);
            args.push_back(buffers.sizeof_local_size_buf);
        }

        //...(..., void* globalPtrArgMappingBuf, __private void* getobjectidMappingBuf, unsigned  numArgMappings )
        args.push_back(buffers.globalPtrArgMappingBuf);
        args.push_back(buffers.getobjectidMappingBuf);
        args.push_back(buffers.numArgMappings);

        return CreateNewCall(newFuncName, int32ty, args);
    }

} //namespace

// Register pass to igc-opt
#define PASS_FLAG "igc-block-transform"
#define PASS_DESCRIPTION "Analyzes device enqueue functions"
#define PASS_CFG_ONLY false
#define PASS_ANALYSIS false
IGC_INITIALIZE_PASS_BEGIN(TransformBlocks, PASS_FLAG, PASS_DESCRIPTION, PASS_CFG_ONLY, PASS_ANALYSIS)
IGC_INITIALIZE_PASS_DEPENDENCY(MetaDataUtilsWrapper)
IGC_INITIALIZE_PASS_DEPENDENCY(CodeGenContextWrapper)
IGC_INITIALIZE_PASS_END(TransformBlocks, PASS_FLAG, PASS_DESCRIPTION, PASS_CFG_ONLY, PASS_ANALYSIS)

char TransformBlocks::ID = 0;

extern "C" llvm::ModulePass* createTransformBlocksPass()
{
    return new TransformBlocks;
}

