diff --git a/test cases/common/138 include order/inc1/hdr.h b/test cases/common/138 include order/inc1/hdr.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9d755a830
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test cases/common/138 include order/inc1/hdr.h	
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+#define SOME_DEFINE 42
diff --git a/test cases/common/138 include order/inc2/hdr.h b/test cases/common/138 include order/inc2/hdr.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2ebcacaf4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test cases/common/138 include order/inc2/hdr.h	
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+#undef SOME_DEFINE
diff --git a/test cases/common/138 include order/meson.build b/test cases/common/138 include order/meson.build
index c370bb1d1..9f275b866 100644
--- a/test cases/common/138 include order/meson.build	
+++ b/test cases/common/138 include order/meson.build	
@@ -30,3 +30,7 @@ f = executable('somefxe', 'sub4/main.c',
 
 test('eh', e)
 test('oh', f)
+
+# Test that the order in include_directories() is maintained
+incs = include_directories('inc1', 'inc2')
+executable('ordertest', 'ordertest.c', include_directories: incs)
diff --git a/test cases/common/138 include order/ordertest.c b/test cases/common/138 include order/ordertest.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0d9173f35
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test cases/common/138 include order/ordertest.c	
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+#include "hdr.h"
+
+#if !defined(SOME_DEFINE) || SOME_DEFINE != 42
+#error "Should have picked up hdr.h from inc1/hdr.h"
+#endif
+
+int
+main (int c, char ** argv)
+{
+  return 0;
+}