intel/llvm
1
0
Fork 0
mirror of https://github.com/intel/llvm.git synced 2026-01-25 10:55:58 +08:00
Code Issues Packages Projects Releases Wiki Activity

Triple::normalize: Use none as OS for XX-none-ABI (#89638)

Browse Source 
When parsing a 3-component triple, after we determine Arch and Env, if
the middle component is "none", treat it as OS instead of Vendor.

See:
https://discourse.llvm.org/t/rfc-baremetal-target-triple-normalization/78524
Fixes: #89582.
This commit is contained in:
YunQiang Su
2024-05-02 08:04:53 +08:00
committed by GitHub
parent 8c64a30412
commit 4b75fcf0a5
11 changed files with 58 additions and 52 deletions
Download Patch File Download Diff File Expand all files Collapse all files

4
clang/docs/Multilib.rst
View File

@@ -188,9 +188,9 @@ For a more comprehensive example see
- Dir: thumb/v6-m
# List of one or more normalized command line options, as generated by Clang
# from the command line options or from Mappings below.
# Here, if the flags are a superset of {target=thumbv6m-none-unknown-eabi}
# Here, if the flags are a superset of {target=thumbv6m-unknown-none-eabi}
# then this multilib variant will be considered a match.
Flags: [--target=thumbv6m-none-unknown-eabi]
Flags: [--target=thumbv6m-unknown-none-eabi]
# Similarly, a multilib variant targeting Arm v7-M with an FPU (floating
# point unit).

2
clang/test/Driver/arm-ias-Wa.s
View File

@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@
// RUN: %clang -target armv7r-none-eabi -c %s -### 2>&1 \
// RUN: | FileCheck -check-prefix=CHECK-R-PROFILE %s
// CHECK-R-PROFILE: "-triple" "armv7r-none-unknown-eabi"
// CHECK-R-PROFILE: "-triple" "armv7r-unknown-none-eabi"
// RUN: %clang -target armv7m-none-eabi -c %s -### 2>&1 \
// RUN: %clang -target thumbv7m-none-eabi -c %s -### 2>&1 \

10
clang/test/Driver/arm-triple.c
View File

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
// RUN: %clang -print-effective-triple \
// RUN: --target=arm-none-eabihf -march=armv4t -mfloat-abi=softfp \
// RUN: | FileCheck %s --check-prefix=CHECK-DEFAULT
// CHECK-DEFAULT: armv4t-none-unknown-eabi
// CHECK-DEFAULT: armv4t-unknown-none-eabi
// RUN: %clang -print-effective-triple \
// RUN: --target=armeb-none-eabi \
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
// RUN: %clang -print-effective-triple \
// RUN: --target=arm-none-eabi -mbig-endian \
// RUN: | FileCheck %s --check-prefix=CHECK-EB
// CHECK-EB: armebv4t-none-unknown-eabi
// CHECK-EB: armebv4t-unknown-none-eabi
// RUN: %clang -print-effective-triple \
// RUN: --target=arm-none-eabihf -march=armv4t \
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
// RUN: %clang -print-effective-triple \
// RUN: --target=arm-none-eabi -mfloat-abi=hard \
// RUN: | FileCheck %s --check-prefix=CHECK-HF
// CHECK-HF: armv4t-none-unknown-eabihf
// CHECK-HF: armv4t-unknown-none-eabihf
// RUN: %clang -print-effective-triple \
// RUN: --target=armeb-none-eabihf -march=armv4t \
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@
// RUN: %clang -print-effective-triple \
// RUN: --target=arm-none-eabi -mbig-endian -mfloat-abi=hard \
// RUN: | FileCheck %s --check-prefix=CHECK-EB-HF
// CHECK-EB-HF: armebv4t-none-unknown-eabihf
// CHECK-EB-HF: armebv4t-unknown-none-eabihf
// RUN: %clang -print-effective-triple \
// RUN: --target=arm-none-eabi -march=armv8m.main -mbig-endian -mfloat-abi=hard \
@@ -45,4 +45,4 @@
// RUN: %clang -print-effective-triple \
// RUN: --target=arm-none-eabi -mcpu=cortex-m33 -mbig-endian -mfloat-abi=hard \
// RUN: | FileCheck %s --check-prefix=CHECK-V8M-EB-HF
// CHECK-V8M-EB-HF: thumbebv8m.main-none-unknown-eabihf
// CHECK-V8M-EB-HF: thumbebv8m.main-unknown-none-eabihf

2
clang/test/Driver/baremetal-multilib-layered.yaml
View File

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
# RUN: %T/baremetal_multilib_layered/bin/clang -no-canonical-prefixes -x c++ %s -### -o %t.out 2>&1 \
# RUN: --target=thumbv7m-none-eabi -mfloat-abi=softfp --sysroot= \
# RUN: | FileCheck -DSYSROOT=%T/baremetal_multilib_layered %s
# CHECK: "-cc1" "-triple" "thumbv7m-none-unknown-eabi"
# CHECK: "-cc1" "-triple" "thumbv7m-unknown-none-eabi"
# CHECK-SAME: "-internal-isystem" "[[SYSROOT]]/bin/../lib/clang-runtimes/softfp/include/c++/v1"
# CHECK-SAME: "-internal-isystem" "[[SYSROOT]]/bin/../lib/clang-runtimes/soft/include/c++/v1"
# CHECK-SAME: "-internal-isystem" "[[SYSROOT]]/bin/../lib/clang-runtimes/softfp/include"

64
clang/test/Driver/baremetal-multilib.yaml
View File

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
# RUN: %T/baremetal_multilib/bin/clang -no-canonical-prefixes -x c++ %s -### -o %t.out 2>&1 \
# RUN: --target=thumbv8m.main-none-eabihf --sysroot= \
# RUN: | FileCheck -DSYSROOT=%T/baremetal_multilib %s
# CHECK: "-cc1" "-triple" "thumbv8m.main-none-unknown-eabihf"
# CHECK: "-cc1" "-triple" "thumbv8m.main-unknown-none-eabihf"
# CHECK-SAME: "-internal-isystem" "[[SYSROOT]]/bin/../lib/clang-runtimes/arm-none-eabi/thumb/v8-m.main/fp/include/c++/v1"
# CHECK-SAME: "-internal-isystem" "[[SYSROOT]]/bin/../lib/clang-runtimes/arm-none-eabi/thumb/v8-m.main/fp/include"
# CHECK-SAME: "-x" "c++" "{{.*}}baremetal-multilib.yaml"
@@ -24,11 +24,11 @@
# RUN: --target=thumbv7em-none-eabi -mfpu=fpv4-sp-d16 --sysroot= \
# RUN: | FileCheck --check-prefix=CHECK-NO-MATCH %s
# CHECK-NO-MATCH: warning: no multilib found matching flags:
# CHECK-NO-MATCH-SAME: --target=thumbv7em-none-unknown-eabi
# CHECK-NO-MATCH-SAME: --target=thumbv7em-unknown-none-eabi
# CHECK-NO-MATCH: note: available multilibs are:
# CHECK-NO-MATCH: --target=thumbv6m-none-unknown-eabi -mfpu=none
# CHECK-NO-MATCH: --target=thumbv7m-none-unknown-eabi -mfpu=none
# CHECK-NO-MATCH: --target=thumbv7em-none-unknown-eabi -mfpu=none
# CHECK-NO-MATCH: --target=thumbv6m-unknown-none-eabi -mfpu=none
# CHECK-NO-MATCH: --target=thumbv7m-unknown-none-eabi -mfpu=none
# CHECK-NO-MATCH: --target=thumbv7em-unknown-none-eabi -mfpu=none
# RUN: %T/baremetal_multilib/bin/clang -no-canonical-prefixes -print-multi-directory 2>&1 \
# RUN: --target=thumbv8m.main-none-eabihf --sysroot= \
@@ -38,16 +38,16 @@
# RUN: %T/baremetal_multilib/bin/clang -no-canonical-prefixes -print-multi-lib 2>&1 \
# RUN: --target=arm-none-eabi --sysroot= \
# RUN: | FileCheck --check-prefix=CHECK-PRINT-MULTI-LIB %s
# CHECK-PRINT-MULTI-LIB: arm-none-eabi/thumb/v6-m/nofp;@-target=thumbv6m-none-unknown-eabi@mfpu=none
# CHECK-PRINT-MULTI-LIB: arm-none-eabi/thumb/v7-m/nofp;@-target=thumbv7m-none-unknown-eabi@mfpu=none
# CHECK-PRINT-MULTI-LIB: arm-none-eabi/thumb/v7e-m/nofp;@-target=thumbv7em-none-unknown-eabi@mfpu=none
# CHECK-PRINT-MULTI-LIB: arm-none-eabi/thumb/v8-m.main/nofp;@-target=thumbv8m.main-none-unknown-eabi@mfpu=none
# CHECK-PRINT-MULTI-LIB: arm-none-eabi/thumb/v8.1-m.main/nofp/nomve;@-target=thumbv8.1m.main-none-unknown-eabi@mfpu=none
# CHECK-PRINT-MULTI-LIB: arm-none-eabi/thumb/v7e-m/fpv4_sp_d16;@-target=thumbv7em-none-unknown-eabihf@mfpu=fpv4-sp-d16
# CHECK-PRINT-MULTI-LIB: arm-none-eabi/thumb/v7e-m/fpv5_d16;@-target=thumbv7em-none-unknown-eabihf@mfpu=fpv5-d16
# CHECK-PRINT-MULTI-LIB: arm-none-eabi/thumb/v8-m.main/fp;@-target=thumbv8m.main-none-unknown-eabihf@mfpu=fpv5-d16
# CHECK-PRINT-MULTI-LIB: arm-none-eabi/thumb/v8.1-m.main/fp;@-target=thumbv8.1m.main-none-unknown-eabihf@mfpu=fp-armv8-fullfp16-sp-d16
# CHECK-PRINT-MULTI-LIB: arm-none-eabi/thumb/v8.1-m.main/nofp/mve;@-target=thumbv8.1m.main-none-unknown-eabihf@march=thumbv8.1m.main+mve@mfpu=none
# CHECK-PRINT-MULTI-LIB: arm-none-eabi/thumb/v6-m/nofp;@-target=thumbv6m-unknown-none-eabi@mfpu=none
# CHECK-PRINT-MULTI-LIB: arm-none-eabi/thumb/v7-m/nofp;@-target=thumbv7m-unknown-none-eabi@mfpu=none
# CHECK-PRINT-MULTI-LIB: arm-none-eabi/thumb/v7e-m/nofp;@-target=thumbv7em-unknown-none-eabi@mfpu=none
# CHECK-PRINT-MULTI-LIB: arm-none-eabi/thumb/v8-m.main/nofp;@-target=thumbv8m.main-unknown-none-eabi@mfpu=none
# CHECK-PRINT-MULTI-LIB: arm-none-eabi/thumb/v8.1-m.main/nofp/nomve;@-target=thumbv8.1m.main-unknown-none-eabi@mfpu=none
# CHECK-PRINT-MULTI-LIB: arm-none-eabi/thumb/v7e-m/fpv4_sp_d16;@-target=thumbv7em-unknown-none-eabihf@mfpu=fpv4-sp-d16
# CHECK-PRINT-MULTI-LIB: arm-none-eabi/thumb/v7e-m/fpv5_d16;@-target=thumbv7em-unknown-none-eabihf@mfpu=fpv5-d16
# CHECK-PRINT-MULTI-LIB: arm-none-eabi/thumb/v8-m.main/fp;@-target=thumbv8m.main-unknown-none-eabihf@mfpu=fpv5-d16
# CHECK-PRINT-MULTI-LIB: arm-none-eabi/thumb/v8.1-m.main/fp;@-target=thumbv8.1m.main-unknown-none-eabihf@mfpu=fp-armv8-fullfp16-sp-d16
# CHECK-PRINT-MULTI-LIB: arm-none-eabi/thumb/v8.1-m.main/nofp/mve;@-target=thumbv8.1m.main-unknown-none-eabihf@march=thumbv8.1m.main+mve@mfpu=none
# RUN: %T/baremetal_multilib/bin/clang -no-canonical-prefixes -x assembler -mexecute-only \
# RUN: --target=arm-none-eabi --sysroot= %s -c -### 2>&1 \
@@ -86,37 +86,37 @@ MultilibVersion: 1.0
Variants:
- Dir: arm-none-eabi/arm/v4t
Flags: [--target=armv4t-none-unknown-eabi]
Flags: [--target=armv4t-unknown-none-eabi]
- Dir: arm-none-eabi/thumb/v6-m/nofp
Flags: [--target=thumbv6m-none-unknown-eabi, -mfpu=none]
Flags: [--target=thumbv6m-unknown-none-eabi, -mfpu=none]
- Dir: arm-none-eabi/thumb/v7-m/nofp
Flags: [--target=thumbv7m-none-unknown-eabi, -mfpu=none]
Flags: [--target=thumbv7m-unknown-none-eabi, -mfpu=none]
- Dir: arm-none-eabi/thumb/v7e-m/nofp
Flags: [--target=thumbv7em-none-unknown-eabi, -mfpu=none]
Flags: [--target=thumbv7em-unknown-none-eabi, -mfpu=none]
- Dir: arm-none-eabi/thumb/v8-m.main/nofp
Flags: [--target=thumbv8m.main-none-unknown-eabi, -mfpu=none]
Flags: [--target=thumbv8m.main-unknown-none-eabi, -mfpu=none]
- Dir: arm-none-eabi/thumb/v8.1-m.main/nofp/nomve
Flags: [--target=thumbv8.1m.main-none-unknown-eabi, -mfpu=none]
Flags: [--target=thumbv8.1m.main-unknown-none-eabi, -mfpu=none]
- Dir: arm-none-eabi/thumb/v7e-m/fpv4_sp_d16
Flags: [--target=thumbv7em-none-unknown-eabihf, -mfpu=fpv4-sp-d16]
Flags: [--target=thumbv7em-unknown-none-eabihf, -mfpu=fpv4-sp-d16]
- Dir: arm-none-eabi/thumb/v7e-m/fpv5_d16
Flags: [--target=thumbv7em-none-unknown-eabihf, -mfpu=fpv5-d16]
Flags: [--target=thumbv7em-unknown-none-eabihf, -mfpu=fpv5-d16]
- Dir: arm-none-eabi/thumb/v8-m.main/fp
Flags: [--target=thumbv8m.main-none-unknown-eabihf, -mfpu=fpv5-d16]
Flags: [--target=thumbv8m.main-unknown-none-eabihf, -mfpu=fpv5-d16]
- Dir: arm-none-eabi/thumb/v8.1-m.main/fp
Flags: [--target=thumbv8.1m.main-none-unknown-eabihf, -mfpu=fp-armv8-fullfp16-sp-d16]
Flags: [--target=thumbv8.1m.main-unknown-none-eabihf, -mfpu=fp-armv8-fullfp16-sp-d16]
- Dir: arm-none-eabi/thumb/v8.1-m.main/nofp/mve
Flags: [--target=thumbv8.1m.main-none-unknown-eabihf, -march=thumbv8.1m.main+mve, -mfpu=none]
Flags: [--target=thumbv8.1m.main-unknown-none-eabihf, -march=thumbv8.1m.main+mve, -mfpu=none]
# The second section of the file is a map from auto-detected flags
@@ -126,17 +126,17 @@ Variants:
# All flags in the "Flags" list will be added if an argument matches.
Mappings:
# For v8m.base (and potential later v8m baseline versions) use v6m
- Match: --target=thumbv8(\.[0-9]+)?m\.base-none-unknown-eabi
Flags: [--target=thumbv6m-none-unknown-eabi]
- Match: --target=thumbv8(\.[0-9]+)?m\.base-unknown-none-eabi
Flags: [--target=thumbv6m-unknown-none-eabi]
# Match versions after v8.1m.main. We assume that v8.2m (if/when it exists) will
# be backwards compatible with v8.1m.
# The alternative is to not recognise later versions, and require that
# this multilib spec is updated before it can be used with newer
# architecture versions.
- Match: --target=thumbv8\.[1-9]m\.main-none-unknown-eabi
Flags: [--target=thumbv8.1m.main-none-unknown-eabi]
- Match: --target=thumbv8\.[1-9]m\.main-none-unknown-eabihf
Flags: [--target=thumbv8.1m.main-none-unknown-eabihf]
- Match: --target=thumbv8\.[1-9]m\.main-unknown-none-eabi
Flags: [--target=thumbv8.1m.main-unknown-none-eabi]
- Match: --target=thumbv8\.[1-9]m\.main-unknown-none-eabihf
Flags: [--target=thumbv8.1m.main-unknown-none-eabihf]
- Match: -march=thumbv8\.[1-9]m\.main.*\+mve($|\+).*
Flags: [-march=thumbv8.1m.main+mve]

2
clang/test/Driver/baremetal-sysroot.cpp
View File

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
// RUN: %T/baremetal_default_sysroot/bin/clang -no-canonical-prefixes %s -### -o %t.o 2>&1 \
// RUN: -target armv6m-none-eabi --sysroot= \
// RUN: | FileCheck --check-prefix=CHECK-V6M-C %s
// CHECK-V6M-C: "{{.*}}clang{{.*}}" "-cc1" "-triple" "thumbv6m-none-unknown-eabi"
// CHECK-V6M-C: "{{.*}}clang{{.*}}" "-cc1" "-triple" "thumbv6m-unknown-none-eabi"
// CHECK-V6M-C-SAME: "-internal-isystem" "{{.*}}/baremetal_default_sysroot{{[/\\]+}}bin{{[/\\]+}}..{{[/\\]+}}lib{{[/\\]+}}clang-runtimes{{[/\\]+}}armv6m-none-eabi{{[/\\]+}}include{{[/\\]+}}c++{{[/\\]+}}v1"
// CHECk-V6M-C-SAME: "-internal-isystem" "{{.*}}/baremetal_default_sysroot{{[/\\]+}}bin{{[/\\]+}}..{{[/\\]+}}lib{{[/\\]+}}clang-runtimes{{[/\\]+}}armv6m-none-eabi{{[/\\]+}}include"
// CHECK-V6M-C-SAME: "-x" "c++" "{{.*}}baremetal-sysroot.cpp"

2
clang/test/Driver/baremetal.cpp
View File

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
// RUN: -L some/directory/user/asked/for \
// RUN: --sysroot=%S/Inputs/baremetal_arm \
// RUN: | FileCheck --check-prefix=CHECK-V6M-C %s
// CHECK-V6M-C: "-cc1" "-triple" "thumbv6m-none-unknown-eabi"
// CHECK-V6M-C: "-cc1" "-triple" "thumbv6m-unknown-none-eabi"
// CHECK-V6M-C-SAME: "-resource-dir" "[[RESOURCE_DIR:[^"]+]]"
// CHECK-V6M-C-SAME: "-isysroot" "[[SYSROOT:[^"]*]]"
// CHECK-V6M-C-SAME: "-internal-isystem" "[[SYSROOT]]{{[/\\]+}}include{{[/\\]+}}c++{{[/\\]+}}v1"

14
clang/test/Driver/print-multi-selection-flags.c
View File

@@ -5,27 +5,27 @@
// CHECK-FUCHSIA: --target=aarch64-unknown-fuchsia
// RUN: %clang -print-multi-flags-experimental --target=arm-none-eabi -mfloat-abi=soft -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti | FileCheck --check-prefix=CHECK-ARMV4T %s
// CHECK-ARMV4T: --target=armv4t-none-unknown-eabi
// CHECK-ARMV4T: --target=armv4t-unknown-none-eabi
// CHECK-ARMV4T: -mfloat-abi=soft
// CHECK-ARMV4T: -mfpu=none
// RUN: %clang -print-multi-flags-experimental --target=armv7em-none-eabi -mfloat-abi=softfp | FileCheck --check-prefix=CHECK-SOFTFP %s
// CHECK-SOFTFP: --target=thumbv7em-none-unknown-eabi
// CHECK-SOFTFP: --target=thumbv7em-unknown-none-eabi
// CHECK-SOFTFP: -mfloat-abi=softfp
// CHECK-SOFTFP: -mfpu=fpv4-sp-d16
// RUN: %clang -print-multi-flags-experimental --target=arm-none-eabihf -march=armv7em -mfpu=fpv5-d16 | FileCheck --check-prefix=CHECK-HARD %s
// CHECK-HARD: --target=thumbv7em-none-unknown-eabihf
// CHECK-HARD: --target=thumbv7em-unknown-none-eabihf
// CHECK-HARD: -mfloat-abi=hard
// CHECK-HARD: -mfpu=fpv5-d16
// RUN: %clang -print-multi-flags-experimental --target=arm-none-eabi -mfloat-abi=soft -march=armv8-m.main+nofp | FileCheck --check-prefix=CHECK-V8MMAIN-NOFP %s
// CHECK-V8MMAIN-NOFP: --target=thumbv8m.main-none-unknown-eabi
// CHECK-V8MMAIN-NOFP: --target=thumbv8m.main-unknown-none-eabi
// CHECK-V8MMAIN-NOFP: -mfloat-abi=soft
// CHECK-V8MMAIN-NOFP: -mfpu=none
// RUN: %clang -print-multi-flags-experimental --target=arm-none-eabi -mfloat-abi=hard -march=armv8.1m.main+mve.fp | FileCheck --check-prefix=CHECK-MVE %s
// CHECK-MVE: --target=thumbv8.1m.main-none-unknown-eabihf
// CHECK-MVE: --target=thumbv8.1m.main-unknown-none-eabihf
// CHECK-MVE: -march=thumbv8.1m.main{{.*}}+mve{{.*}}+mve.fp{{.*}}
// CHECK-MVE: -mfloat-abi=hard
// CHECK-MVE: -mfpu=fp-armv8-fullfp16-sp-d16
@@ -51,10 +51,10 @@
// CHECK-M85_NO_FP_DP: -mfpu=fp-armv8-fullfp16-sp-d16
// RUN: %clang -print-multi-flags-experimental --target=aarch64-none-elf -march=armv8-a+lse | FileCheck --check-prefix=CHECK-LSE %s
// CHECK-LSE: --target=aarch64-none-unknown-elf
// CHECK-LSE: --target=aarch64-unknown-none-elf
// CHECK-LSE: -march=armv8-a{{.*}}+lse{{.*}}
// RUN: %clang -print-multi-flags-experimental --target=aarch64-none-elf -march=armv8.5-a+sve+sve2 | FileCheck --check-prefix=CHECK-SVE2 %s
// RUN: %clang -print-multi-flags-experimental --target=aarch64-none-elf -march=armv9-a | FileCheck --check-prefix=CHECK-SVE2 %s
// CHECK-SVE2: --target=aarch64-none-unknown-elf
// CHECK-SVE2: --target=aarch64-unknown-none-elf
// CHECK-SVE2: -march=armv{{.*}}-a{{.*}}+simd{{.*}}+sve{{.*}}+sve2{{.*}}

2
clang/unittests/Interpreter/IncrementalCompilerBuilderTest.cpp
View File

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ TEST(IncrementalCompilerBuilder, SetTargetTriple) {
auto CB = clang::IncrementalCompilerBuilder();
CB.SetTargetTriple("armv6-none-eabi");
auto CI = cantFail(CB.CreateCpp());
EXPECT_EQ(CI->getTargetOpts().Triple, "armv6-none-unknown-eabi");
EXPECT_EQ(CI->getTargetOpts().Triple, "armv6-unknown-none-eabi");
cleanupRemappedFileBuffers(*CI);
}

6
llvm/lib/TargetParser/Triple.cpp
View File

@@ -1151,6 +1151,12 @@ std::string Triple::normalize(StringRef Str) {
}
}
// If "none" is in the middle component in a three-component triple, treat it
// as the OS (Components[2]) instead of the vendor (Components[1]).
if (Found[0] && !Found[1] && !Found[2] && Found[3] &&
Components[1] == "none" && Components[2].empty())
std::swap(Components[1], Components[2]);
// Replace empty components with "unknown" value.
for (StringRef &C : Components)
if (C.empty())

2
llvm/unittests/TargetParser/TripleTest.cpp
View File

@@ -1237,7 +1237,7 @@ TEST(TripleTest, Normalization) {
Triple::normalize("i386-redhat-linux")); // i386-redhat-linux-gnu
EXPECT_EQ("i686-unknown-linux",
Triple::normalize("i686-linux")); // i686-pc-linux-gnu
EXPECT_EQ("arm-none-unknown-eabi",
EXPECT_EQ("arm-unknown-none-eabi",
Triple::normalize("arm-none-eabi")); // arm-none-eabi
EXPECT_EQ("ve-unknown-linux",
Triple::normalize("ve-linux")); // ve-linux